1916年俄國中亞起義導致了大批俄國哈薩克族、布魯特族等大批難民逃入新疆。通過對俄屬中亞難民逃入新疆的背景、進入新疆的原因以及新疆地方政府處理難民的措施的分析,可知民國時期俄屬中亞大批難民湧入新疆,直接影響到新疆的社會穩定和邊疆的安全,引起新疆地方政府的高度重視;以楊增新為首的新疆地方政府,對湧入新疆的俄屬中亞難民進行比較穩妥的安置和遣返,維護了當時新疆的邊境安全和社會穩定。

Large numbers of Kazakh and Brutor refugees fled from Russia into Xinjiang of China due to the revolts in Russian Central Asia in 1916. This paper analyzes the background and causes of the formation of this refugee population and the measures taken by Xinjiang local government. Based on the above analysis,it is concluded that this refugee population during the period of the Republic of China directly affected the social stability and security of Xinjiang,and aroused much concern by Xinjiang local government. Accordingly,Xinjiang local government headed by Yang Zengxin made some proper resettlement and repatriation of this refugee population,which helped maintain the border security and social stability of Xinjiang at that time.