中國民眾對自身行為的認知向來是自成體系的,歷經長期生活實踐形成一套本土概念體系即民俗語匯來表述自己的意義世界。民俗語匯是一種約定俗成的話語體系和地方性知識,能夠直接傳達民眾對自身行為的解釋,暗含著民眾對民俗活動意義的理解,成為進入民眾內心世界的一條捷徑。冀南"打醮"活動是理解民俗語匯極好的田野案例,在當地人話語體系中"功"是具有普適性意義且使用頻率極高的民俗語匯,以"功"為研究對象,從歷史傳統與當下實踐兩個維度解讀其語義體系和應用邏輯,進而從一個微觀的視角探討中國社會禮俗互動的運作機制,并以此驗證民俗語匯作為一種分析路徑的可行性。

Chinese people have a systematic recognition about their behaviors,and have a set of indigenous conceptual system shaped in the long process of living practices to express their meaning world.Folklore vocabulary is a kind of conventional language system and local knowledge,which could transmit people’s interpretation about their behavior and imply people’s understanding about the meaning of folklore activities.Therefore,it is a shortcut to enter local people’s inner world.This paper takes the Jiao Festival in Southern Hebei Province as a research case,and takes the indigenous word gong,a common word frequently used in the local people’s word system,as a research object,to interpret the word’s semantic system and application logic from both dimensions of historical tradition and present practice,and then to explore the operation mechanism of custom interaction in Chinese society with the purpose of verifying the feasibility of taking folk vocabulary as an analytical approach.