中國國家治理的邏輯鏈條表現為:執政黨——政協——人大——人民。執政黨——政協,是以人民政協為載體的政治協商;執政黨——政協——人大,是基于政治協商獲得現實合法性的黨的主張通過人大制度轉為國家意志的過程;人大——人民,是雙向的選舉與依法治國;執政黨——人民,是實質為社會協商的黨的群眾路線的展現。協商民主主要包含"執政黨——政協"中的政治協商,以及"執政黨——人民"的社會協商,二者經由人大制度加以勾連。這在邏輯上決定了黨的領導、協商民主與人大代議民主的內在關聯,形塑了協商民主制度化的路徑,即在民主決策過程中,塑造"政治協商——立法協商——社會協商"的制度循環,以此指引現實制度的發展。

The logical links in China’s national governance can be expressed as follows:Governing Party—Political Consultative Conference—People’s Congress—the people.Governing Party—Political Consultative Conferenceinvolvespolitical consultation for which the Political Consultative Conference is the vehicle;Governing Party—Political Consultative Conference—People’s Congress is the process of turning the proposals of the Party that has obtained practical legitimacy through political consultation into the will of the state through the People’s Congress system;the People’s Congress links up with the people through two-way elections and governing the country by law;and the Governing Party’s link to the people is the expression of the Party’s mass line,the essence of which is social consultation.Consultative democracyhas two main parts:the political consultation of"Governing Party—Political Consultative Conference"and the social consultation of"Governing Party—people,"which is connected by the People’s Congress system.This logically determines the intrinsic connection between the leadership of the Party,consultative democracy,and the representative democracy of the People’s Congress,and shapes the path of the institutionalization of consultative democracy;that is,in the democratic decision-making process,it shapes the institutional cycle of"political consultation—legislative consultation—social consultation,"and thus directs the development of realistic institutions.