如何在城市群構建生態宜居宜業的城市體系,需要厘清城市群生態宜居宜業建設的現狀及其水平的時空差異與分布特征,并據此有針對性和差異性地推進城市群生態宜居宜業建設。以長三角城市群為例,從宜業和生態宜居兩個方面構建了生態宜居宜業水平測度指標體系,運用多層次評價和熵權法測度了4省域26市2005—2015年生態宜居宜業水平,運用Moran’s I指數及G指數分析了生態宜居宜業水平的時空差異與分布特征。主要結論與政策建議如下:(1)長三角城市群生態宜居宜業水平不斷提高,呈現"東高西低"分布特征,城市間差距正在逐漸縮小,各城市宜業水平逐漸改善,但生態宜居水平有所波動,部分城市生態宜居水平下降明顯。(2)長三角城市群生態宜居宜業水平空間關聯性呈現增強趨勢,2011年后存在顯著空間集聚特征,呈現明顯的東部、北部"高高集聚"與西部、南部"低低集聚"現象,表明長三角城市群生態宜居宜業發展存在空間溢出效應。(3)G指數分布由零星"點狀"分布逐漸集聚呈"塊狀"分布,說明生態宜居宜業水平冷點區和熱點區都具有極強的擴散作用,有持續擴散的趨勢。(4)建議長三角城市群在促進宜業的同時要補齊生態宜居建設短板,發揮好南京、杭州、合肥、蘇州、寧波等中心城市在生態宜居宜業發展過程中的輻射帶動作用,利用好舟山、宣城、池州、湖州、臺州等城市生態資源,通過構建大、中、小城市協同發展的共生城市體系,實現宜業與生態宜居協同發展。

To construct an ecologically life & work facilitating urban system in urban agglomerations needs to clarify current situation,spatial heterogeneity and distribution characteristics of the ecological life & work facilitating in urban agglomerations. We can rely on this to promote the ecological life & work facilitating construction of urban agglomerations in a targeted and differential manner. This paper takes the Yangtze River Delta city cluster as an example,constructed the ecological life & work facilitating index system from two aspects including work facilitating and ecological life facilitating,and estimated the ecological life & work facilitating level about 26 cities in 4 provinces of the Yangtze River Delta city cluster from 2005 to 2015. This paper analyzed the spatial heterogeneity and distribution characteristics of ecological life & work facilitating level in the Yangtze River Delta city cluster by using the Moran’s I index and the G index. The main conclusions and policy recommendations cover the following aspects. Firstly,in the past 10 years,the ecological life & work facilitating level of the Yangtze River Delta city cluster has been continuously improved,with high level in the east and low level in the west,the ecological work facilitating level was increasing,but the ecological life facilitating was decreasing. Secondly,in the past 10 years,there was a spatial correlation effect. After 2011,there were significant spatial agglomeration characteristics that‘high-high agglomeration’existed in the east and north,‘low-low agglomeration’in the west and south; it indicated that there was a spatial spillover effect to the development of ecological life & work facilitating level in the Yangtze River Delta city cluster. Thirdly,the spatial distribution of G index tends to agglomerate from the sporadic ‘spot’distribution into‘block’distribution,which showed that the cold spot area and hot spot area of ecological life & work facilitating level were in a trend of strong diffusion effect. Fourthly,while promoting the ecological work facilitating level,we should further promote the ecological life facilitating level. In order to achieve synergistic development of ecological life & work facilitating,the central cities,such as Nanjing,Hangzhou,Hefei,Suzhou,Ningbo and other central cities should play a leading role in the ecological life & work facilitating development of Yangtze River Delta city cluster. Besides,it should utilize the urban ecological resources such as Zhoushan,Xuancheng,Chizhou,Huzhou and Taizhou,and construct a symbiotic urban system for the coordinated development of large,medium and small cities.