通過本源考察和前提追溯,從馬克思的所有權批判話語中可以發現馬克思所有權理論的另一面,即馬克思對所有權的自由本質的充分肯定和強烈追求。這就使得馬克思的所有權理論具有追求自由和拒絕異化的雙重性質。這種辯證的歷史的所有權概念不但區別于資產階級的非批判的所有權概念,而且區別于激進社會主義簡單否定一切所有權的主張。辯證的歷史的所有權理論無疑仍然具有批判的性質,但是這種批判不是簡單地否定一切所有權,而是只批判和否定所有權的異化,而批判所有權異化的目的正是為了實現所有權的自由本質。

An examination of the sources and premises of Marx’s theory of ownership allows us to see,amid his denunciation of ownership,another side of his ownership theory;that is,his full affirmation and vigorous pursuit of the essential character of ownership.This gives Marx’s ownership theory the dual character of pursuing freedom and rejecting alienation.This dialectical and historical concept of ownership is not only different from the uncritical bourgeois concept of ownership,but also from the radical socialist proposal of rejecting all ownership.Although the dialectical and historical theory of ownership is undoubtedly a critical one,it does not simply reject all ownership;it merely critiques and rejects the alienation of ownership in order to realize the essential freedom of ownership.