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題名:普魯塔克《希臘羅馬名人傳》的“求真”與“致用”
書刊名:史學史研究
作者:孫文棟
出版日期:2019
卷期:2019(4)
頁次:64-73
主題關鍵詞:普魯塔克希臘羅馬名人傳求真德性致用PlutarchPlutarch's LivesSeeking truthVirtuesPragmatism
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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普魯塔克寫作《希臘羅馬名人傳》旨在探究和效仿歷史人物的德性。他廣泛搜求史料并加以辨析,冀圖通過歷史的真實情況反映人物的真實德性,表現出史實追求與德性追求互相一致進行"求真"的一面;當史實與普魯塔克的德性認識相沖突的時候,他就堅持德性、放棄史實,甚至系統地改編史料來適應德性,表現出史實追求與德性追求互相沖突而"失真"的一面。《希臘羅馬名人傳》中既有"求真"也有"失真",共同服務于追求德性的"致用"目標,這是普魯塔克傳記寫作方法的重要特點。
Plutarch’s purpose of writing Lives is to probe historical personages’ virtues which are paraded as models. He collected and analyzed historical material carefully, and hoped to reveal personages’ virtues by researching historical events,so the purpose of uncovering facts meets the need of probing virtues in his work sometimes,which reveals the characteristics of "seeking truth ". If the historical material and his cognition of virtues are in conflict with each other,Plutarch would stop founding out truth,even distorted history,so there’s a conflict between the purpose of uncovering facts and of pursuing of virtues sometimes,which means there are falsehoods in his work. "Seeking truth"and distortion coexist in Plutarch’s Lives,and both service for the pragmatic purpose of revealing virtues,this is a key characteristic of Plutarch’s writing method.
 
 
 
 
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