論文基于1848-1849年《新萊茵報》的報道文本和相關史料,梳理了馬克思恩格斯所創辦的《新萊茵報》是如何實踐客觀性原則同時又體現其立場的。文章認為,《新萊茵報》在遵循客觀性方面,超過同時期歐洲其他國家的報紙。當時歐洲主要國家的新聞業通行的"公正慣例"(common fairness),在《新萊茵報》編輯部得到貫徹。該報用超脫的情感和第三方視角公平地對待不同觀點、不同對象,確保了一種總體姿態上的客觀。在此基礎上,該報通過使用嚴謹克制的語詞、多方信源的引述、專業獨到的版面語言等一系列"客觀"的做法,在業務操作中實現了主客觀的有機統一。同時,該報采用隱蔽方式流露情感、關鍵時刻鮮明發聲的表達方式,達到了"根據可靠的事實來確定見解"的效果。在馬克思的主持下,《新萊茵報》做到了既遵循客觀性又保持黨的立場和人民性,贏得了當時歐洲無產階級的矚目。

This thesis explores the way in which Neue Rheinische Zeitung,a newspaper founded by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels,employed the principle of objectivity while made clear its position by combing through the reports of the newspaper from 1848 to 1849 as well as other related historical materials. It holds that the newspaper was more objective than other European newspapers in the same period. At that time,the principle of common fairness,which was popular in the press industry,was implemented thoroughly during the editing process of Neue Rheinische Zeitung. Different views and objects were treated in a fair way without emotional interferences so as to achieve the goal of never judge upon inclination and to ensure the overall objectivity. The newspaper also honored practices of objective reporting,such as exercising restraint in language,quoting from multiple sources and refining a professional and penetrating layout of the newspaper. Neue Rheinische Zeitung thus achieved the integration of subjectivity and objectivity by expressing feelings in a covert approach and voicing standpoints at critical moments so that it determined opinions based on reliable facts. Thanks to Marx and Engels,Neue Rheinische Zeitung followed the principle of objectivity and respected the positions of the party and the people,becoming the center of attention of the whole European proletariat.