作為多民族共同體的歐盟，為了消除內部種族主義和極右勢力對歐洲一體化發展事業產生的負面影響，歐盟制定了一系列條約和法令來反對民族歧視，保障少數民族的權益。雖然歐盟沒有出臺專門的法案具體制定民族政策，但歐盟制定的公約、標準、條約等正式文件中包含有大量的關于少數民族問題的規定，在此基礎上形成了歐盟的民族政策。歐盟民族政策主要有三方面的特點:一是采用平等的原則賦予少數民族均等化權利，不對少數民族進行特別優待; 是重點保障少數民族的經濟權益和文化權益，對少數民族的政治權利較少涉及; 是對少數民族權利的保護多為原則性的規定，對違反行為缺乏強制性的措施。盡管歐盟民族政策存在執行力不強、忽視少數民族政治權利的保護等問題及缺陷，但在保障少數民族平等就業權益，反對種族歧視，打擊歐洲民族主義勢力，推動少數民族社會參與等方面起到了重要作用，從而為歐洲一體化的深入發展提供了制度保障。

As a multi-ethnic community,the European Union( EU) has made a series of treaties and laws against ethnic discrimination,and protects the rights and interests of minority in order to solve the negative effects of internal racism and ultra right forces of European integration. Although the EU has not made the special bill about ethic policy,there are a lot of regulations regarding minority issues in the conventions,standards,treaties and other official documents of EU. These have formulated the EU’s ethnic policy. There are three characteristics of the EU’s minority policies,the first is to endow minority equal rights rather than special favorable treatment by the principle of equality; the second is to guarantee of economic rights and cultural rights of ethnic minorities particularly,little has been dealt with political rights of ethnic minorities; the third is the protection of the rights of ethnic minorities for provisions in principle,lacking of compulsory measures in dealing with the violating behavior. Although the EU’s minority polices has some problems and shortcomings,such as the weak executive power and the ignorance to the protection of minori-ty political rights,it plays important roles in the protection of equal rights of ethnic minorities in occupation,in the fight against racial discrimination and European nationalism,and in promoting ethnic social participation. It provides the institutional guarantee for the further development of European integration.