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題名：	1~6秒時距認知分段性特徵
書刊名：	心理學報
作者：	尹華站／李丹／陳盈羽／黃希庭
作者(外文)：	Yin, Hua-zhan／Li, Dan／Chen, Ying-yu／Huang Xi-ting
出版日期：	2016
卷期：	2016(9)
頁次：	1119-1129
主題關鍵詞：	分段性；工作記憶容量；視聽通道；時間工作記憶說；時間認知分段綜合模型；Segmentation；Working memory capacity；Modality；Temporal working memory；Range-synthetic model of temporal cognition
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相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:0 點閱:5

時距認知分段性指不同長度時距的加工機制和表征方式是不同的。以往研究者對1 s以上時距認知的分段性仍存在分歧，為了探討這一主題，本研究設計了實驗1和實驗2。實驗1采用時間復制任務比較高、低工作記憶容量被試在完成1~6 s視、聽時距加工的成績，結果發現，時距長度與工作記憶容量或通道均存在交互作用，被試在復制1 s、2 s的平均復制時距、復制比率及變異系數沒有隨工作記憶容量或通道而變化，而復制3 s、4 s、5 s及6 s時，高WMC組較低WMC組或聽覺組較視覺組，平均復制時距顯著更長、復制比率顯著更高、變異系數顯著更小。實驗2采用時間產生任務比較高、低工作記憶容量被試在完成1~6 s視、聽時距加工的成績，結果也發現，時距長度與工作記憶容量或通道均存在交互作用，被試在產生1 s、2 s的平均產生時距、產生比率及變異系數沒有隨工作記憶容量或通道而變化，而產生3 s、4 s、5 s及6 s時，高WMC組較低WMC組或聽覺組較視覺組，平均產生時距顯著更短、產生比率顯著更低、變異系數顯著更小。這意味著1~6 s的時距認知存在分段性，大約2~3 s可能為分段臨界點。時間認知的分段性可以用時間工作記憶說解釋，該假說是時間認知分段綜合模型解釋短時距加工分段性的具體表現形式。

以文找文

There are two hypotheses concerning the temporal cognition segmentation: One is segmentation hypothesis and the other is non-segmentation hypothesis. The former one holds that the processing mechanism and representation of different length of time are different. The latter one holds that the processing mechanism and representation of different length of time are identical. However, previous studies have indicated that the two kinds of hypotheses are supported by evidence, respectively. In this research, we explored that the temporal cognition segmentation of 1~6 s through two relatively novel ways. In Experiment 1, A total of 44 participants were engaged in a 2(memory group: High WMC vs. Low WMC) ′ 2(Modality: Visual vs. Auditory) ′ 6(sample duration: 1 s, 2 s, 3 s, 4 s, 5 s vs. 6 s) mixed design experiment, to study the temporal cognition segmentation of 1~6 s, by completing time reproduction task. Three-way ANOVAs were performed using standard duration and modality as within subject factors, memory group as a between-subject factor and mean reproduced interval, ratio(of reproduced interval and sample duration) and coefficient of variation as dependent variables. In Experiment 2, 48 participants were engaged in a mixed design experiment. The procedure was identical to that of experiment 1, except that time reproduction task were instead of time production task. The results showed that 1) in experiment 1, significant main effects of sample duration, modality, and memory group, were found, for the mean reproduced interval, the ratio score, and the coefficient of variation. Specifically, high WMC compared with low WMC, long duration with short duration and auditory with visual, the mean reproduced interval was longer, the ratio score higher and the coefficient of variation smaller. Furthermore, there was a significant interaction between duration and modality, and between duration and memory group for the mean reproduced interval, the ratio score, and the coefficient of variation. For 1 s and 2 s, for the mean reproduced interval, the ratio score, and the coefficient of variation, there was no difference between the high WMC group and the low WMC group, or visual group and auditory group. For 3 s, 4 s, 5 s and 6 s, the mean reproduced interval of the high WMC group was significantly longer, the ratio score was significant higher, and the coefficient of variation was significant smaller than those of the low WMC group. For 3 s, 4 s, 5 s and 6 s, the mean reproduced interval of the auditory group was significantly longer, the ratio score was significant higher, and the coefficient of variation was significant smaller than those of the visual group. 2) in experiment 2, significant main effects of sample duration, modality, and memory group, were found, for the mean produced interval, the ratio score, and the coefficient of variation. Specifically, high WMC compared with low WMC, long duration with short duration and auditory with visual, the mean produced interval was shorter, the ratio score lower and the coefficient of variation smaller. Furthermore, there was a significant interaction between duration and modality, and between duration and memory group for the mean produced interval, the ratio score, and the coefficient of variation. For 1 s and 2 s, for the mean produced interval, the ratio score, and the coefficient of variation, there was no difference between the high WMC group and the low WMC group, or visual group and auditory group. For 3 s, 4 s, 5 s and 6 s, the mean produced interval of the high WMC group was significantly shorter, the ratio score was significant lower, and the coefficient of variation was significant smaller than those of the low WMC group. For 3 s, 4 s, 5 s and 6 s, the mean produced interval of the auditory group was significantly shorter, the ratio score was significant lower, and the coefficient of variation was significant smaller than those of the visual group. The results demonstrated that the temporal cognition of 1 to 6 seconds is segmented, and the critical point may be 2~3 s, which support segmentation hypothesis. The segmentation of temporal cognition can also be explained by the time working memory hypothesis, which is the form of temporal cognition segmentation model explaining the cognitive mechanism of short-duration processing.

以文找文

期刊論文
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學位論文
1.	陳有國(2010)。時間知覺自動與受控加工的神經機制(博士論文)。西南大學。延伸查詢

圖書
1.	Musterber, H.(1889)。Beiträge zur experimentellen Psychologie。Freiburg：Akademische Verlagsbuchhandlung。

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