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題名:都會區都市生態系統演替機制之研究
作者:陳子淳 引用關係
作者(外文):Tzu-Chun Chen
校院名稱:國立臺北大學
系所名稱:都市計劃研究所
指導教授:黃書禮
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2001
主題關鍵詞:都會區都市生態系統生態系統演替機制自我組織生態能量系統生態學metropolitan regionurban ecosystemecosystemsuccession mechanismsself-organizationecological energeticssystem ecology
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都市生態系統是一個受人為改變其系統結構、物質循環與能量轉換,卻又因對外界輸入與輸出的需要而具依賴性及開放性的高度異營性生態系統。它既具有一般自然生態系統之演替特性,即生物群落結構與周圍環境之互動關係,以及物質循環、能量流動和自我組織之能力;但同時又受經濟、社會、文化等人為作用力的制約,以致自我組織能力變弱,系統趨於不穩定。本研究之主要動機與目的即透過對都會區都市生態系統演替機制之分析,探討都市發展過程課題產生之原因,並建議都市永續發展應調整之演替機制方向。爰此,本研究首先以生態能量為理論基礎,由生態系統觀點回顧自然生態系統演替機制,並界定都市生態系統之意義與特性,據此提出都會區都市生態系統之演替假說。其次,應用以一般系統理論為基礎之系統生態學為研究方法,建立都會區都市生態系統模型以驗證演替假說,並分析檢討都會區之發展與課題。最後,依據未來不同之發展目標與策略,研提都會區都市生態系統之發展願景方案,並應用系統模型之政策評估技術,探討具永續發展之都市生態系統演替機制。研究結果發現,都市生態系統之演替無論是系統新陳代謝或系統整體運作機制,大多均異於自然生態系統演替,反映出都市偏重經濟發展對自然環境造成影響之癥結;未來都市生態系統之發展唯有兼顧生態保育與經濟發展,其系統能量流動所呈現之新陳代謝機制既符合都市經濟之活動特性,系統整體運作之調節能力機制亦可吻合自然生態之演替特性。
Urban ecosystem is an opened and heterotrophic ecosystem that is dependent upon the inputs from surrounding environment for needs, it also alters the natural structure, mineral cycles, and energy flows intentionally or unexpectedly. Therefore, urban ecosystem has the succession features of natural ecosystem such as the structure of biotic community, relationships with environment, and the abilities of energy transformation and self-organization. Meanwhile, its abilities will be weakened and the system will be unstable due to the restrictions of human impact from economy, social, and culture. The primary purpose of this research is to analyze the succession mechanisms of urban ecosystem in metropolitan region, and propose the way of regulation of succession mechanism for urban sustainable development. This research starts with referring to the succession mechanisms of natural ecosystem, identifying the significance and concept of urban ecosystem, and proposing the hypothesisses of succession mechanism for urban ecosystem based on the theories of ecological energetics. In order to verify the hypothesisses and discuss the causes of issues from metropolitan development, this research is then to apply the methodology of system ecology for developing the system model of urban ecosystem. At last, this research proposes future development alternatives and strategies, and simulates the scenarios of metropolitan region for examining the succession mechanisms of urban ecosystem that toward sustainable development. The results indicate the succession mechanisms of urban ecosystem, include system metabolism and overall homeostasis, are differed with natural ecosystem. As the future development of urban ecosystem reinforces both ecological conservation and economic development, the mechanisms of system metabolism will be corresponded with the energy flow of urban economy, and the self-organization mechanism of overall homeostasis will be matched to the succession of natural ecosystem simultaneously.
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