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題名:影響部屬形成領導知覺的因素:關係觀點
作者:羅中廷
作者(外文):Chung-Ting Lo
校院名稱:義守大學
系所名稱:管理研究所博士班
指導教授:彭台光
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2010
主題關鍵詞:轉化型領導領導者與部屬交換關係人口學領導知覺
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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領導是最常被研究的組織現象之一。領導研究中對領導的測量,幾乎都由部屬填答,但是部屬的領導知覺如何形成、受什麼因素影響,卻少有人細究。漸有學者認為,領導知覺乃是由領導者、部屬以及系絡三個因素所共同形成。本研究主張,關係因素可能是影響領導知覺形成的重要第四因素。關係因素會影響一個人對另一個人的態度、如何解讀對方的行為、乃至對其行為與成就的歸因,因此可能影響他如何知覺上司的領導風格。本研究的目的即是在探究部屬與上司的關係因素是否影響部屬對上司領導風格的知覺。本研究所針對的領導風格是轉化型領導,關係因素包括領導者與部屬交換,部屬與上司學歷、年齡、年資的相對性,以及部屬與上司共事時間。本研究在理論發展上的預期貢獻包括:(1).為領導研究引薦新觀點(領導知覺形成為核心、關係因素為前因的觀點),為剖析領導現象提供新的思考方向與邏輯;及(2).提出第四種影響領導知覺形成的因素,讓領導對部屬職場表現的影響力有進一步釐清的機會,並可能因之衍生出相關的理論議題。在實務應用上的預期貢獻包括:(1).提供實務工作者一些比現有因素更易於觀察、更有介入空間的因素,讓實務界有更多增進部屬職場表現的努力方向;及(2).為領導訓練提供一個程序觀點(強調建立關係品質為優先的觀點)及一個權變觀點(依相對關係不同而採行不同作為的觀點),使訓練內容更為完備。
兩次研究針對五家醫院的護理師及護理長施測。研究結果顯示本文的主要論點(關係因素影響部屬對上司的態度、如何解讀上司的行為、以及對上司行為與成就的歸因,進而影響領導知覺)得到初步的支持證據。本研究的理論意涵包括:(1).關係因素對領導知覺形成、乃至對部屬職場表現上的角色,值得進一步探討;(2).以領導知覺形成為核心的領導研究思維,值得學者給予更多的重視;(3).過去相關領導研究的實證扎實性,學者應予重新省思。實務意涵包括:(1).主管在轉化型領導行為之外,應與部屬建立良好的關係品質;(2).部屬與主管共事時間是個值得組織與團隊主管善加利用的因素;(3).領導訓練應強調善用共事初期以及與部屬建立與維繫良好的關係品質。
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