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題名:文化智商、跨文化適應與海外實習成效之研究
作者:胡桂玲
作者(外文):Kuei-Ling Hu
校院名稱:國立雲林科技大學
系所名稱:企業管理系
指導教授:鍾從定
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2015
主題關鍵詞:文化智商跨文化適應海外實習餐旅校系cultural intelligencecross-culture adjustmentoverseas internship effectivenessoverseas internshospitality education
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海外實習教學已為大部份餐旅校系普遍採用,政府教育部門對海外實習制度培養人才方式也大力支持,使此一機制已臻成熟。除了讓學生縮短學用差距外,亦解決了部份餐旅業的人力短缺問題。但許多學生在積極爭取以增廣國際經驗,培養個人職涯競爭優勢外,也面臨個人實習成效與跨文化的適應等問題。
本論文研究目的在於(一)探討海外實習生不同的文化智商與跨文化適應的關聯性;(二)探討學生在海外實習前和實習後的文化智商和實習成效的改變;(三)探討海外實習過程中,學生的文化智商變化對實習成效的影響。
本研究以二組曾於海外實習一年的學生為研究樣本,第一組238樣本,以獨立樣本 t 檢定為探討個人背景對跨文化適應能力的結果,研究發現,國際經驗對互動性適應和工作適應有顯著的影響,但在性別和工作經驗對跨文化適應上沒有顯著的影響;並以複迴歸分析驗證海外實習生個體不同程度的文化智商對跨文化適應程度表現,研究結果發現文化智商的四個構面對生活適應和互動適應皆有顯著的影響;然而,只有後設認知型及行為型文化智商對工作適應有顯著影響,但在認知型及動機型文化智商對工作適應沒有顯著影響。
第二組67樣本以配對樣本t檢定為驗證海外實習學生在實習前和實習後的文化智商和實習成效的差異。研究結果發現,經海外實習後,海外實習生之後設認知型、認知型和動機型文化智商有顯著差異,但在行為型文化智商未有顯著差異;再以複迴歸分析驗證海外實習生個體在海外實習前和實習後的文化智商變化對在實習前和實習後實習成效的影響,結果發現,實習前和實習後的行為型文化智商變化對在海外實習前和實習後的能力提昇變化的有顯著影響。然而海外實習生的後設認知型、認知型和動機型文化智商變化在能力提昇或職涯準備方面皆未有顯著影響。
最後,本研究依研究結果進一步對安排實習機構及海外實習生,提出可能的管理意涵,供具體可行之建議,並對學校相關輔導單位在規劃與執行上之參考。並提出對未來研究的建議。
The major purpose of this study is to understand the influence of cultural intelligence (CQ) on overseas interns’ cross-culture adjustment (CCA) and overseas internship effectiveness. In this study two sample groups who took one-year overseas internship in the southern Taiwan’s hospitality university.
In the first study, 238 samples, (i) Independent-samples T test to examine the influence of personal background on CCA. The results show, the international experience has a significant effect on interaction adjustment and work adjustment, rather than the gender and work experience. (ii) Multiple regression analysis to examine the influence of CQ on CQ, all four dimensions of CQ positively related to general and interaction adjustment. Also find, only meta-cognitive and behavioral CQ were related to work adjustment.
In second study, 67 samples, data was collected from the interns both before and after participating in a one year overseas internship program. (i) Paired-samples T test to examine whether after overseas internship, the interns’ CQ and overseas internship effectiveness had enhanced. The results show after overseas internship involvement, interns’ meta-cognitive, cognitive and motivational CQ have significant differences, but do not have a significant difference with behavioral CQ. (ii) Multiple regression analysis to examine the influence of the degree of changes in CQ and the degree of changes in overseas internship effectiveness. The result of the influence of the degree of changes in CQ and the degree of changes in overseas internship effectiveness, only find the degree of changes in behavioral CQ influence the degree of changes in overseas interns’ ability improvement.
Finally, according the result of this study, propose possible managerial implications, for specific and feasible recommendations to internship provider and overseas interns. And make recommendations for future research.
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