本論文旨在經由《論語》中有子與曾子的對比，探索儒家道德哲學的兩個不同向度：「孝悌」、「忠信」，並試圖經由「理念型」（Ideal Type）的詮釋方式，指出兩者所隱含的差異。 首先筆者將指出前者以「血緣親情」為核心，後者則以「社會正義」為背景。再者，筆者將就「親情」與「公義」的矛盾點，依其文本、如其義理的展開分析，指出儒家道德哲學的獨特處與限制處。之後，筆者將對儒家不注重責任倫理的論點提出一病理學式的診斷，並開出藥方。最後，作者強調「道德」是一不離生活 世界總體本源的思考與實踐。

This paper compares Tseng-tzu with Yu-tzu in Confucian Analects in order to illustrate the two dimensions of Confucian moral philosophy: the "fidelity" tradition and the "loyalty" tradition. The author further digs deeper into their differences by providing the texts with an "ideal type" hermeneutic approach. First, the author shows that the "fidelity" tradition is based on the "sanguine relationship" while the "loyalty" tradition is based on "social justice". Then , interpreting the texts from a philosophical perspective, the author illustrates the dilemmas between these two concepts in order to show the uniqueness and limitation of the moral philosophy in Confucianism. Then the author illuminates the reason why the "responsibility" dimension tends to be neglected in Confucianism and provides possible solutions. The author emphasizes that "ethics" is a practice and should not be separated from the totality of the "life world."