本文以中日戰爭期間上海女間諜鄭蘋如之死為例，探討戰爭對兩性關係的衝擊；戰爭在進行破壞與毀滅的同時，挑戰傳統的男女性別 分工，改變既有的性別倫理與國族觀念。本文仔細耙梳官方檔案、個人回憶、以及文學書寫等不同性質的材料，試圖從歷史「真實」與「再現 」兩個角度，探討事件發生當時與之後官方與民間對此一事件不同的解讀與想像，以展現戰爭背景下性別與國族之間錯綜複雜的關係。

　　　　　While war kills and destroys, it also releases forces that open up new horizons for women. For some women, the fact that old values and role's are no longer adequate to meet the turbulence of war opens up new possibilities for self-assertion. Focusing on one female secret agent who sacrificed her life for the country, this paper explores the relationship between the discourses of modern Chinese nationalism and gender relations against the background of the Second Sino-Japanese war. Using archival materials and personal memoirs, I try to reconstruct how this particular female secret agent exploited men's fantasies about women, both to her advantage and to her ruin. I also explore the ways in which her story was interpreted and re-presented by contemporaries as well as by future generations to show how historical narrative and literary representation are interwoven into each other. Together they enrich the textual as well as contextual analysis of modern Chinese nationalism and gender relations.