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題名:發展智能障礙者社區居住與生活:美英兩國探討比較
書刊名:社會政策與社會工作學刊
作者:周月清
作者(外文):Chou, Yueh-ching
出版日期:2005
卷期:9:2
頁次:頁139-196
主題關鍵詞:智能障礙者社區居住與生活社會融合獨立生活社區照顧Intellectual disabilitiesMental retardationLearning disabilitiesCommunity livingIndependent livingCommunity care
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(8) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(1)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:4
  • 共同引用共同引用:13
  • 點閱點閱:85
本文探討比較美、英兩國成年智障者從教養院搬到社區居住與生活改革源起、進程與配套措施,以文件研究方法從事文獻資料收集,含電腦檢索圖書館與網站期刊與書目及各國官方與非官方文件。研究發現:近代,美國發展智能或發展障礙者社區居住與生活重要改革事件為:1999年最高法院Olmstead決議障礙者有權利在社區生活;英國2001年學習障礙者白皮書,強調「對人支持」(supporting people)與「重視人的價值」(valuing people),規定地方政府2004年4月前所有住在長期停留醫院之學習障礙者搬到社區生活。美英兩國比較發現其相同處為:智障者社區居住與生活改革自1960年代以來持續進行,近代因重要事件及改革政策,有更具體成果,以重度、極重度及有挑戰性行為成年智障者為對象。相關實證性研究一致發現住在社區小型一般住宅,即使針對有密集性支持需求之重度智障者,比住在傳統教養院或大型者,成本效益高。兩國不同處,美國屬於其醫療補助項下之改革措施,英國為其社區照顧一環;美國困境為其等候排隊住到社區一般住宅者眾多,英國則需致力於資源結合與配置適當性。
This study utilizes literature review to collect governmental documents and empirical studies regarding adults with intellectual disabilities living in the community in the United States and Britain in order to analyze the similarities and differences of their polices and services. Both the US and Britain initiated "deinstitutionalization" in the 1960s. Currently in the US the Supreme Court decision in Olmstead v. L. C. in 1999 brought big effect on the policies revolution to support persons with mental retardation/developmental disabilities living in the community. In Britain, recent policy for supporting adults with learning disabilities to live in the community independently is the 2001 White Paper-Valuing people: A new strategy for learning disability for the 21St century. Adults with severe/profound intellectual disabilities and with challenging behaviors who stay in the institutions are the primary targets moving into the community in the US and Britain at the present. Based on the consistent findings of the empirical studies in the US and Britain, community-based ordinary housing is more cost-effective than the institution-based or large scale housing.
期刊論文
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14.陳美鈴(19970800)。臺灣推動社區照顧之回顧。福利社會,61,31-36。  延伸查詢new window
15.Stancliffe, R. J.、Emerson, E.、Lakin, K. C.(2001)。Community living and people with intellectual disability: Introduction to Part II。Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability,26(1),5-14。  new window
16.周月清(20020300)。臺灣「社區照顧」與「由社區照顧」之研究--以障礙者及老人照顧為例。東吳社會工作學報,8,19-74。new window  延伸查詢new window
17.Felce, D.、Lowe, K.、Perry, J.、Baxter, H.、Jones, E.、Hallam, A.、Beechman, J.(1998)。Service Support to People in Wales with Severe Intellectual Disability and the Most Severe Challenging Behaviours: Processes, Outcomes and Costs。Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability,42(5),390-408。  new window
18.Pettipher, Catherine、Raynes, Norma、Shiell, Alan、Wright, Ken(1993)。A Cost-function Analysis of Residential Services for Adults with a Learning Disability。Health Economics,2(3),247-256。  new window
19.Landesman-Dwyer, Sharon(1981)。Living in the Community。American Journal of Mental Deficiency,86(3),223-234。  new window
20.Larson, Sheryl A.、Lakin, K. Charlie(1989)。Deinstitutionalization of Persons with Mental Retardation: Behavioral Outcomes。Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps,14(4),324-332。  new window
21.Perry, Jonathan、Felce, David(1994)。Outcomes of Ordinary Housing Services in Wales: Objective Indicators。Mental Handicap Research,7(4),286-311。  new window
22.Saxby, H.、De Kock, U.、Felce, D.、Thomas, M.(1988)。Community and Family Contact: An Evaluation of Small Community Homes for Adults with Severe and Profound Mental Handicaps。Mental Handicap Research,1(2),127-140。  new window
23.Mansell, Jim(1994)。Specialized Group Homes for Persons with Severe or Profound Mental Retardation and Serious Behavior Problem in England。Research in Developmental Disabilities,15(5),371-388。  new window
24.Felce, David、Repp, Alan(1992)。The Behavioral and Social Ecology of Community Houses。Research in Developmental Disabilities,13(1),27-42。  new window
25.Anderson, Lynda、Lakin, K. Charlie、Prouty, Robert(1998)。Decreases Continue in Out-of-home Residential Placements of Children and Youth with Mental Retardation。Mental Retardation,36(2),165-167。  new window
26.Cooper, J.、Henderson, D.、Robertson, J.、Emerson, E.、Hatton, C.(1996)。Factor Associated with Staff Support and Resident Lifestyle in Services for People with Multiple Disabilities: A Path Analytic Approach。Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,40(5),466-477。  new window
27.Klein, Jay(2000)。The History and Development of a National Home Ownership Initiative。Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation,15,59-66。  new window
28.周月清(2001)。芬蘭健康照顧與社會工作--參與「第三屆社會工作健康與心理衛生國際會議」心得報告。社區發展季刊,96,247-254。  延伸查詢new window
29.Allan, David、Lowe, Kathy(1995)。Providing Intensive Community Support to People with Learning Disabilities and Challenging Behavior: A Preliminary Analysis of Outcomes and Costs。Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,39(1),67-82。  new window
30.Balla, David A.(1976)。Relationship of Institution Size to Quality of Care: A Review of the Literature。American Journal of Mental Deficiency,81(2),117-124。  new window
31.Beecham, J.、Knapp, M. L.、McGilloway, S.、Donnelly, M.、Kavanagh, S.、Fenyo, A.、Mays, N.(1997)。The Cost-effectiveness of Community Care for Adults with Learning Disabilities Leaving Long-stay Hospital in Northern Ireland。Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,41(1),30-41。  new window
32.Bradshaw, Jonathon、Ditch, John、Holmes, Hilary、Whiteford, Peter(1993)。A Comparative Study of Child Support in Fifteen Countries。Journal of European Social Policy,3(4),255-271。  new window
33.Conroy, J. W.(1996)。The Small ICF/MR Program: Dimensions of Quality and Cost。Mental Retardation,34(1),13-26。  new window
34.Dalgleigh, Mary、Matthews, Rowan(1981)。Some Effects of Staffing Levels and Group Size on the Quality of Day Care for Severely Mentally Handicapped Adults。The British Journal of Mental Subnormality,27,30-35。  new window
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37.Emerson, Eric(1999)。Residential Supports for People with Intellectual Disabilities: Questions and Challenges from the UK。Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability,24(4),309-319。  new window
38.Emerson, E.、Kieman, C.、Hatton, C.(1995)。Trends and Milestones: Deinstitutionalization in Europe。Mental Retardation,33,132。  new window
39.Hemming, Heather(1986)。Follow-up of Adults with Mental Retardation Transferred from Large Institutions to New Small Units。Mental Retardation,24(4),229-235。  new window
40.Hemming, H.(1981)。Quality of Life of Mentally Retarded Adults Transferred from Large Institutions to New Small Units。American Journal of Mental Deficiency,86(2),157-169。  new window
41.Nelson, Debra、Klein, Jay(2000)。Home Ownership for People with Disabilities: The State of the States in 1999。Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation,15,67-77。  new window
42.Kleinberg, Joel、Galligan, Betsy(1983)。Effects of Deinstitutionalization on Adaptive Behavior of Mentally Retarded Adults。American Journal of Mental Deficiency,88(1),21-27。  new window
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研究報告
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2.Secretary of State for Social Services、the Secretary of State for Scotland、the Secretary of State for Wales(1979)。Report of the Committee of Enquiry into Mental Handicap Nursing and Care。London:HMSO。  new window
3.任麗華(2000)。身心障礙福利機構接受政府補助經費執行績效之評估。臺北市:內政部。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Prouty, R. W.、Lakin, K. C.、Smith, J.(2001)。State profiles of selected service indicators, 1977-2000。Minneapolis:University of Minnesota。  new window
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單篇論文
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其他
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圖書論文
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4.(1990)。National Health Service and the Community Care Act 1990。Public General Acts a and Measures of 1990。London:HMSO。  new window
5.陳寶珠(2001)。財團法人新竹市私立天主教仁愛啟智中心。臺灣成年心智障礙者社區居住:經驗分享與模式發展初探。臺北:財團法人心路社會福利基金會。  延伸查詢new window
6.李崇信(2001)。財團法人台灣省私立啟智技藝訓練中心。臺灣成年心智障礙者社區居住:經驗分享與模式發展初探。臺北:財團法人心路社會福利基金會。  延伸查詢new window
7.張淑娟、黃寶瑩(2001)。財團法人心路社會福利基金會「社區家園」。臺灣成年心智障礙者社區居住:經驗分享與模式發展初探。臺北:財團法人心路社會福利基金會。  延伸查詢new window
8.Nisbet, J.、Clark, M.、Covert, S.(1991)。Living It Up! An Analysis of Research on Community Living。Critical Issues in the Lives of People with Severe Disabilities。Baltimore, MD:Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.。  new window
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10.Dockrell, Julie(1995)。People with Mild Learning Difficulties and Challenging Behaviour: user Input to Service Evaluation。Community Care: Asking the User。London:Chapman & Hall。  new window
11.Mabbett, Deborah、Bolderson, Helen(1999)。Theories and Methods in Comparative Social Policy。Comparative Social Policy: Concepts, Theories and Methods。Oxford:Blackwell。  new window
12.Campbell, J.(1996)。Back to a Vision of the Future: The Future of Long Term Care for Disabled People。Options for Long Term Care: Economic, Social and Ethical Choices。London:Her Majesty's Stationery Office。  new window
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14.Deutsch, Karl W.(1987)。Achievements and Challenges in 2000 Years of Comparative Research。Comparative Policy Research: Learning from Experience。New York, NY:St. Martin's Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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