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摘要
外文摘要
引文資料
題名:
外國學生漢語疑問句習得之比較
書刊名:
華語文教學研究
作者:
陳純音
作者(外文):
Chen, Doris Chun-yin
出版日期:
2005
卷期:
2:1
頁次:
頁147-173
主題關鍵詞:
疑問句
;
漢語
;
第二語言習得
;
主詞
;
受詞不對稱性
;
有生命性
;
Wh-questions
;
Chinese
;
L2 acquisition
;
Subject
;
Object asymmetry
;
Animacy
原始連結:
連回原系統網址
相關次數:
被引用次數:期刊(
2
) 博士論文(0) 專書(
1
) 專書論文(0)
排除自我引用:
2
共同引用:
5
點閱:66
本文旨在探討外國學生習得漢語疑問句的差異。研究對象為八十位就讀於國立臺灣師範大學國語教學中心的外國學生,四十位以英語為母語之學生(即英語組),另四十位之母語為日語(即日語組)。兩組學生就該中心分班測驗再分成初級二十位與中級二十位。研究對象分別進行兩實驗:一是文法喜好測驗,另一是圖片描述測驗。前者檢測外國學生對漢語疑問句之理解,藉由1~5Likert等級判斷其接受度,另一測驗由受試學生根據圖片中提問。兩測驗設計之疑問句相同,均為32題,含「誰」、「什麼」及「哪一個」三個疑問詞出現於單句與複句中的主詞或受詞的位置。此外,疑問詞所提問之內容亦依其「有生命性」(animacy)設計(Yoshinage 1996)。研究結果顯示,兩測驗結果相似,疑問詞出現在單句較其出現在複句接受度高,外國學生使用單句疑問句亦較複句來得多。各疑問句中以「誰」的疑問句接受度與使用率最高,其次是「什麼」及「哪一個」。此外,疑問詞出現在主詞位置者較疑問詞出現受詞位置者一般而言容易讓外國學生接受與使用,此點證明漢詞主詞/受詞不對稱性(Huang 1989)之存在,研究發現雖不同於Stromswold(1995)的假設,但與Yoshinage(1996)與范瑞玲(2003)之研究結果相同。有「生命性」與不同的疑問詞確實有相關性,此特性在「誰」的疑問句尤為顯著。
以文找文
The main purpose of this study is to examine foreign students' acquisition of wh-questions in Chinese. The subjects were eighty students of the Mandarin Training Center of National Taiwan Normal University: half were English and half Japanese. There were two levels (basic and intermediate) in each language group. Two tasks (i.e., a preference task and a picture description task) were designed, each of which consisted of 32 questions, including shei ‘who,’sheme ‘what,’ and nayige ‘which’ in single and bi-clausal constructions. Properties concerning subject/object asymmetry and animacy were also examined (Yoshinaga 1996). It was found that the two tasks yield similar results. The subjects accepted and produced wh-words in single constructions more than in biclausal constructions. Moreover, shei was found to be the most acceptable and most frequently produced, followed by sheme and nayige, Furthermore, it was found that wh-words in subject positions were more likely to be accepted and produced by our subjects, indicating that Chinese exhibited subject/object asymmetry (Huang 1989). The present result did not support Stromswold's (1995) hypothesis, but it matched the findings of Yoshinaga (1996) and Fahn (2003) in that wh-words in subject position were found easy as well. Finally, it was found that the animacy effect might correlate with wh-types, and that such correlation was especially significant in the case of shei.
以文找文
期刊論文
1.
范瑞玲(20030600)。Chinese-Speaking Children's Production of Wh-Questions。Concentric. Studies in English Literature and Linguistics,29(2),82-117。
2.
Cairns, H. S.、Hsu, J. R.(1978)。Who, why, when, and how: A development study。Journal of Child Language,5(3),477-488。
3.
Tyack, D.、Ingram, D.(1977)。Children's production and comprehension of questions。Journal of Child Language,4,211-224。
4.
陳純音(19950600)。Topics in Chinese: A or A'﹖。Studies in English Literature and Linguistics,21,79-106。
5.
Pinker, S.、Lebeaux, D.、Frost, L.(1987)。Productivity and constraints in the acquisition of the passive。Cognition,69,1-33。
6.
Stromswold, K.(1995)。The acquisition of subject and object wh-question。Language Acquisition,4,5-48。
7.
Wilhelm, A.、Hanna, K.(1992)。On the acquisition of wh-questions。Calgary Working Papers in Linguistics,15,89-98。
學位論文
1.
Yoshinaga, Naoko(1996)。Wh-questions: A Comparative Study of Their Form and Acquisition in English and Japanese(博士論文)。University of Hawai'i at Manoa,Manoa。
2.
Chen, C. Y. D.(1991)。Reindexing and Some Asymmetries in Universal Grammar。
3.
Kim, S.(1995)。The Acquisition of Wh-questions in English and Korean(博士論文)。University of Hawaii at Manoa。
4.
黃正德(1982)。Logical Relations in Chinese and the Theory of Grammar(博士論文)。Massachusetts Institute of Technology。
5.
Sarma, J.(1991)。The Acquisition of Wh-questions in English and Korean。
6.
Wible, D.(1990)。Subjects and the Clausal Structure of Chinese and English,Urbana, Illinois。
圖書
1.
O'Grady, William(1997)。Syntactic Development: The acquisition of English。Chicago:The University of Chicago Press。
2.
Slobin, D. I.(1985)。The Crosslinguistic Study of Language Acquisition。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum。
3.
Williams, E.、Van Riemsdijk, Henk C.(1986)。Introduction to the Theory of Grammar。Cambridge, Massachusetts:MIT Press。
4.
Voegelin, Charles Frederick、Voegelin, Florence Marie(1977)。Classification and Index of the World's Languages。New York:Elsevier。
5.
White, Lydia(1989)。Universal Grammar and Second Language Acquisition。Amsterdam:John Benjamins。
6.
Gass, Susan M.、Selinker, Larry(1992)。Language Transfer in Language Learning。John Benjamins Publishing Company。
7.
Li, Audrey Yen-hui(1990)。Order and Constituency in Mandarin Chinese。Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers。
8.
Chomsky, Noam(1981)。Lectures on Government and Binding: The Pisa Lectures。Foris Publications。
9.
Li, Charles Na、Thompson, Sandra Annear(1981)。Mandarin Chinese: a functional reference grammar。University of California Press。
10.
Tsai, Wei-Tien Dylan(1999)。On Economizing the Theory of A-bar Dependencies。New York:Garland。
11.
趙元任(1968)。A Grammar of Spoken Chinese。University of California Press。
其他
1.
Cheung, A. S.,Lee, T. H.(1993)。Cantonese-speaking Children’s Comprehension of Wh-questions,Stanford。
圖書論文
1.
Ervin-Tripp, Susan(1970)。Discourse agreement: How children answer questions。Cognition and the development of language。New York:Wiley。
2.
Huang, Cheng-Teh James(1989)。Pro-drop in Chinese: A generalized control theory。The Null Subject Parameter。Kluwer Academic Publishers。
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