台灣高等教育入學考試制度長久以來為社會關切的議題，歷經多次改革，仍未能獲得社會共識。本文試圖分析俄羅斯近十年來高等教育入學考試制度的變革。傳統上，俄羅斯高等教育入學考試係由各校各系自行辦理。但是，由於賄賂舞弊事端不時傳出，且俄羅斯幅員廣闊，考生奔波，費日耗神。是以，自1995 年以後，俄羅斯引進標準化測驗，逐步進行高等教育入學考試之改革；至2001 年，俄羅斯政府加強實施標準化測驗，朝全國統一考試之路前進。2002 年設立「聯邦教育測量研究所」專職負責全國教育品質之評鑑，而高等教育入學考試亦為其任務。俄羅斯政府於2009 年全面實施全國統一考試。儘管俄羅斯各界對於全國統一考試雖然仍有不同的聲音，但很顯然地，俄羅斯中央政府將會使此制度持續運作。

The college entrance examination has been and is still a highly disputable issue in Taiwan. This paper studies the College Entrance Examination system of Russia in the recent decade. Up to the recent, in Russia, each institution run its own entrance examinations. Such practice has been abused with bribery and corruption. Besides, students would be exhausted with interminable examinations of different institutions in a such vast country. To solve this problem, a central center responsible for examination was established in 1995, and the reform of entrance examination has been put into practice since then. In 2001, the Russian government enacted a new bill requring unified state examination, and consequently, in 2002, the Federal Institute of EducationMeasurements was set up to take the responsibility of evaluation of quality of education, and state examination. Since 2009, all students who want to get into college are required to take the national examination. Facing to different voices, the Russian central administration would continue to modify or upgrade it.