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題名:Effectiveness of Corrective Feedback in English Grammar Teaching: Implicit or Explicit
書刊名:正修學報
作者:張世娟
作者(外文):Chang, Shih-chuan
出版日期:2010
卷期:23
頁次:頁255-276
主題關鍵詞:語法教學錯誤回饋隱性顯性Grammar teachingCorrective feedbackImplicitExplicit
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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在外語學習的過程中,學習者不可避免會犯錯誤。事實上,如果學習者不犯任何錯誤,反而會阻礙外語學習發展,因為這代表學習者失去了從錯誤中學習的機會。近年來在外語學習研究領域,對錯誤回饋的研究已經獲得了廣泛的關注。教師對於學生的錯誤有許許多多的糾正方式,而比較常用的主要是:隱性回饋、翻譯、顯性回饋、重複等。錯誤回饋的效用大部分取決於教師採取的回饋方式。 本篇論文以Ellis, Loewen 和Erlam 對錯誤回饋所做的研究為基礎,研究隱性錯誤回饋和顯性錯誤回饋在學習新的文法——假設語氣中所發揮的作用。本研究討論了以下兩個問題:(1) 對於外語學習者而言,錯誤回饋在學習新的文法上能否發揮作用?(2)如果錯誤回饋的確能發揮作用,那麼學習者從哪種回饋方式中獲益更多,隱性錯誤回饋還是顯性錯誤回饋?(3)兩種錯誤回饋方式,學習者較偏愛哪一種,隱性還是顯性,為什麼?本文作者採用定量分析法檢測隱性錯誤回饋和顯性錯誤回饋的效果。測試所得資料採用SPSS 13.0 進行分析,主要研究結果歸納如下(1)對於外語學習者而言,錯誤回饋在學習新的文法上能夠發揮一定的作用。(2)顯性錯誤回饋在學習新的文法上效果明顯,也就是說,外語學習者從顯性錯誤回饋要比從隱性錯誤回饋獲益更多。(3)顯性錯誤回饋比隱性錯誤回饋受到外語學習者們更多的青睞,主要原因是顯性錯誤回饋提高了他們對假設語氣規則的意識。 本篇論文分為四部分。第一部分討論了前人在此領域的研究成果和貢獻。第二部分為本論文的研究方法。第三部分對研究結果進行了敘述與討論。第四部分為結論,包括對本研究發現的概括、對英語教學的啟示以及本研究中存在的不足和對今後此方面研究的建議。
Learners inevitably have errors in second language learning, and in fact, if there are no errors, there will be no opportunities for learners benefiting from the error feedback. The research into corrective feedback has gained prominence in the studies of SLA. Based on Ellis, Loewen, and Erlam’s (2006) research into corrective feedback, the paper tries to investigate the relative effectiveness of implicit and explicit corrective feedback in terms of learning a new grammatical item---subjunctive mood in a college. Three questions in the following were designed for the study: (1) Is corrective feedback effective for learners in terms of learning a new grammatical structure? (2) If there is effectiveness of corrective feedback, do learners learn more from one type of corrective feedback than from another type? (3) Of the two types of corrective feedback, which one do learners prefer, implicit one or explicit one? Why? The quantitative research method was employed to check the effectiveness of implicit and explicit corrective feedback. The major findings of the study can be summarized as follows: (1) Corrective feedback is effective for learners in terms of learning a new grammatical structure. (2) Explicit corrective feedback has greater effect on learning a new grammatical structure.(3) Explicit corrective feedback receives more popularity than implicit feedback, and the main reason given by the learners is that explicit feedback increases their awareness of the rules and items of subjunctive mood.
期刊論文
1.Caroll, S.、Swain, M.(1993)。Explicit and Implicit Negative Ffeedback: An Empirical Study of the Llearning of Linguistic Generalizations。Studies in Second Language Acquisition,15,357-366。  new window
2.Ellis, Rod(2005)。Measuring Implicit and Explicit Knowledge of a Second Language: A Psychometric Study。Studies in Second Language Acquisition,27,141-172。  new window
3.Panova, I.、Lyster, R.(2002)。Patterns of corrective feedback and uptake in an adult ESLclassroom。TESOL Quarterly,36,573-595。  new window
4.Spada, N.、Lightbown, P.(1993)。Instruction and the Development of Questions in the L2 Classroom。Studies in Second Language Acquisition,15,205-224。  new window
5.Mackey, A.(1999)。Input, interaction, and second language development: An empirical study of question fromation in ESL。Studies in Second Language Acquisition,21,557-587。  new window
6.Ellis, R.、Loewen, S.、Erlam, R.(2006)。Implicit and explicit corrective feedback and the acquisition of L2 grammar。Studies in Second Language Acquisition,28(2),339-368。  new window
7.Ellis, R.(2004)。The definition and measurement of L2 explicit knowledge。Language Learning,54(2),227-275。  new window
圖書
1.Ellis, R.(1997)。The Study of Second Language Acquisition。Oxford:Oxford University Press。  new window
2.Brown, H. D.(2001)。Principles of language learning and teaching。NJ:Prentice Hall Regents。  new window
3.Gass, S. M.(1997)。Input, interaction, and the second language learner。Mahwah, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
圖書論文
1.Swain, Merrill(1995)。Three functions of output in second language learning。Principles and practice in the study of language: Studies in honor of H.G. Widdowson。New York:Oxford:Oxford University Press:Cambridge University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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