非法藥物問題已經成為台灣社會以及治安上一個重要且立即性的威脅，為了戰勝非法藥物的戰爭，首先最重要的便是瞭解非法藥物在台灣地區的盛行率以及流行狀況。但截至目前為止，台灣對於各項非法藥物濫用現況之盛行率調查資料較為零散且無法針對重點群體進行研究，因此造成對於非法藥物政策之指引與成效評估幫助有限。而官方各項調查顯示，台灣地區一般民眾之非法藥物盛行率約在百分之一上下；而在矯正體系中之成年受刑人部分，卻有極高比例是因為使用非法藥物而入監服刑或是接受相關感化教育，惟受刑人非法藥物盛行率的各種數量化以及質化資料在目前的各項調查中卻付之闕如。 因此，為了正確勾勒出台灣地區非法藥物使用高危險族群（成年受刑人）的非法藥物濫用情形，本研究針對矯正機構中之2,249名受刑人為研究對象，在93%回收率下，描繪此群體之非法藥物使用盛行率。本研究主要發現：監 獄受刑人中，有69.2%表示入監前曾嘗試使用非法藥物；年齡分佈集中在21-40歲，具有集中趨勢。此外，本研究發現第一次施用非法藥物的原因比例最高者為「出於好奇心」，佔80.3%，其次則為「朋友引誘，不好意思拒絕」，為26.9%。第一次提供非法藥物者為「朋友、同事」者比例最高，佔83.8%。第一次取得非法藥物的地方最高比例者為「朋友家」，佔59.3%，其次則為「遊樂場所」，佔19.4%。本研究另外發現曾在娛樂場所與朋友共同吸食非法藥物者佔70.2%。曾在施用非法藥物後發生過危險性行為者佔了65.3%。曾經施用過的非法藥物種類中，以「安非他命」為吸食者最多選擇，佔86.4%，其次則為「海洛因」佔70.1%，而「K他命」則為第三順位，佔43.9%，「搖頭丸」亦佔有33.3%，「大麻」佔有41.8%。 本研究建議應持續加強犯罪人之藥物濫用監測與專業介入、強化個別化處遇與社區處遇、重視女性施用非法藥物問題之越趨嚴重、家庭關係的恢復與重建、工作之輔導與轉介，以減少犯罪人之藥物濫用問題。

Illegal drug use has resulted in a surge of diverse crimes and a series of social problems, and it has been a key issue in government policy. The anti-drug war is indeed an immediate task for the government and it needs a continuous and long-term investment. In order to make the anti-drug task more efficient and effective, the first as well as the most important thing is to figure out the prevalence of illegal drug use in Taiwan. So far, the existing prevalence surveys of illegal drug use seem to be fragmented and are unable to have systematic and thorough investigation on the high-risk group of illegal drug use. Therefore, with carrying out an efficient and accurate prevalence survey of illegal drug use among the high-risk groups and derive the picture of their drug use are the urgent matters of the anti-drug policies in Taiwan. As for the results, the adult inmates who had been put into prison for less than one year were interviewed in this research. Basing on the proportion of adult inmates, ten percent (10%) of the new adult inmates were chosen at random for participating the survey of the prevalence of illegal drug abuse. A total of 2,249 questionnaires had been distributed; the response rate is 93%. The main findings are: (1) Basic Characteristics: 69.2% of the interviewees who confessed using drugs experienced before they serve their term of imprisonment; most of the interviewees are aged 21-40. (2) The first experience of using drugs: 80.3% of them used drugs for the first time out of “curiosities”; 83.8% of the first drugs came from “friends and colleagues”; 59.3% of them used drugs for the first time in “friend’s place”. Besides, among the interviewees who experienced drugs, 70.2% of them used drugs with friends in entertainment places. (3) Drug types Used: Amphetamine is used by most of the interviewees (86.4%); the next is Heroin (70.1%); Ketamine assigns for the third place, accounts for 43.9%, Ecstasy holds 33.3%, Cannabis holds 41.8%. (4)65.3% of interviewees had hazardous sex after using drugs. It is, therefore, suggested that continual attention should be paid to the drug problem, improve the traditional confinement measures, provide multiple treatment, take the increasing female drug abusers seriously, and keep tracing the prevalence of drug use among the high-risk groups with longutudinal and intergral methods. The above suggestions shall be submitted to the related governmental agencies for formulating anti-drug policies towards high-risk groups and establishing a monitoring system of illegal drug use.