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題名：從語意內涵及方言對比試析華語多義助動詞「要」的功能分布
書刊名：華語文教學研究
作者：許婷婷 引用關係
作者(外文)：Hsu, Christina Ting-ting
出版日期：2013
卷期：10:1
頁次：頁1-30
主題關鍵詞：助動詞；欲求情態；義務情態；主觀化；動態力；Auxiliary；Volitive modality；Deontic modality；Subjectification；Force dynamics
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:2
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:119
華語助動詞「要」的功能主要有三種：欲求情態、義務情態、以及表鄰近未來（immediate future）；三者雖來源相關但卻隨其語意語法特徵的不同而分布相異，因此得以違反形—義對應原則在共時平面上用「要」的形式並存。本文中我們主要以「動態力」理論（Force Dynamics, Talmy 2000）中主語上的正反作用力為區辨性特徵、以各功能之主觀化程度與方式的不同為輔助條件、並對照閩南語情態助動詞「愛」與「卜」的發展脈絡與分布限制，來探討華語助動詞「要」之各功能的分工與互補。我們發現，由於「愛」與「卜」的功能在華語由「要」囊括，因此後者的解讀需較多限制與提示，亦即「動態力」與主觀化的概念會對「要」的辨義更有幫助。
Mandarin polysemous auxiliary yao⁴(要) involves three main semantic functions: volitive modality, obligative modality, and immediate future, which are closely interrelated in diachronic development and synchronically complemented with each other regarding semantic and syntactic distributions; those distributional significances enable the three polysemous functions to be represented by one shared form yao⁴(要) without causing misinterpretations from the violence of form-meaning correspondences. In our study, it is found that the presence or absence of the two force-dynamic features [+F] (reacting force) and [−F] (counterforce) (based on Force Dynamics, Talmy 2000) on the grammatical subjects can help distinguish the multi-functions of yao⁴(要). Furthermore, varying degrees or types of subjective involvement in the completeness of propositional meanings are beneficial in disambiguating the polysemous usages of yao⁴(要) as well. In particular, to make the distributional patterns of yao⁴(要) clearer, the dialectal analysis of the two modal auxiliaries ai3 (愛) and beh4 (卜) in Southern Min were added to do comparison with the behaviors of polysemous yao⁴(要); the result showed that while arbitrariness are reduced in Southern Min because the functions of polysemous auxiliary yao⁴(要) are divided by ai3 (愛) and beh4 (卜), there need to be more distributional restrictions or conversational cues for Mandarin users to elicit adequate interpretations of the multi-functional yao⁴(要); therefore, the notions of Force Dynamics and Subjectification (Langacker 1990) could be more useful in disambiguating the functions of yao⁴(要) in Mandarin.
期刊論文
1.Pullum, Geoffrey K.、Deirdre Wilson(1977)。Autonomous syntax and the analysis of auxiliaries。Language，53(4)，741-88。  new window
2.盧卓群(1997)。助動詞“要”漢代起源說。古漢語研究，1997(3)，45-48。  延伸查詢new window
3.蔡維天(2010)。談漢語模態詞其分佈與詮釋的對應關係。中國語文，336，208-221+287。  延伸查詢new window
4.Langacker, Ronald W.(1990)。Subjectification。Cognitive Linguistics，1(1)，5-38。  new window
5.Traugott, Elizabeth Closs(1989)。On the Rise of Epistemic Meanings in English: An Example of Subjectification in Semantic Change。Language，65(1)，31-55。  new window
會議論文
1.Hsu, Tingting C.(2012)。Subjectification and the development of deontic modals。New Reflections on Grammaticalisation V，(會議日期: 20120716-20120719)。United Kingdom：University of Edinburgh。  new window
2.Langacker, Ronald W.(1985)。Observations and speculations on subjectivity, Iconicity in Syntax(會議日期: 19830624-19830626)。Amsterdam：John Benjamins。  new window
圖書
1.Brinton, Laurel(1995)。Non-anaphoric reflexives in free indirect style: expressing the subjectivity of the non-speaker。Subjectivity and Subjectivisation。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
2.Capell, A.(1976)。Simple and compound verbs: conjugation by auxiliaries in Australian verbal systems。Rapporteur’s introduction and summary. Grammatical Categories in Australian Languages (Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies, Linguistic Series, 22.)。New Jersey, USA：Hukanities Press Inc。  new window
3.Conrad, Rudi(1988)。Lexikon Sprachwissenschaftlicher Termini。Leipzig：VEB Bibliographisches Institut。  new window
4.Dixon, R. M. W.(1976)。Grammatical Categories in Australian Languages。New Jersey, USA：Hukanities Press Inc.。  new window
5.Greenberg, Joseph H.(2001)。Universals of Human Language: Volume 3。Stanford California：Stanford University Press。  new window
6.Langacker, Ronald W.(1980)。Syntactic reanalysis。Mechanisms of Syntactic Change。Austin：University of Texas Press。  new window
7.Li, Charles N.(1980)。Mechanisms of Syntactic Change。Austin：University of Texas Press。  new window
8.Marcheese, Lynell(1986)。Tense/aspect and the development of auxiliaries in Kru languages。Arlington：The Summer Institute of Linguistics。  new window
9.Steele, Susan(1978)。The category AUX as a language universal。Universals of Human Language: Volume 3。Stanford California：Stanford University Press。  new window
10.Stein, Dieter、Susan Wright(1995)。Subjectivity and Subjectivisation。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
11.連金發(2010)。臺灣閩南語欲求情態和否定的動態分析。歷時演變與語言接觸：中國東南方言。香港：香港中文大學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
12.Lightfoot, David W.(1979)。Principles of Diachronic Syntax。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
13.Palmer, Frank Robert(2001)。Mood and Modality。Cambridge University Press。  new window
14.Talmy, Leonard(2000)。Toward a Cognitive Semantics, Vol. I: Concept structuring systems。MIT Press。  new window
15.Sweetser, Eve E.(1990)。Form Etymology to Pragmatics: Metaphorical and Cultural Aspects of Semantic Structure。Cambridge/New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
16.Chomsky, Noam(1957)。Syntactic structures。Mouton。  new window
17.Langacker, Ronald W.(1991)。Foundations of cognitive grammar: Descriptive application。Stanford：Stanford University Press。  new window
18.王力(1989)。漢語語法史。北京：商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
19.楊伯峻、何樂士(1992)。古漢語語法及其發展。語文出版社。  延伸查詢new window
20.Heine, Bernd(1993)。Auxiliaries: Cognitive forces and grammaticalization。Oxford University Press。  new window
圖書論文
1.Bybee, Joan L.、William Pagliuca、Revere D. Perkins(1991)。Back to the future。Approaches to Grammaticalization. Volume II: Focus on types of grammatical grammatical markers。Amsterdam：John Benjamins Publishing.Co。  new window
2.Peyraube, Alain(2001)。On the modal auxiliaries of volition in Classical Chinese。Sinitic Grammar: Synchronic and Diachronic Perspectives。Oxford University Press。  new window
3.Traugott, Elizabeth Closs(1995)。Subjectification in Grammaticalisation。Subjectivity and Subjectivisation: Linguistic Perspectives。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
4.Lyons, John(1982)。Deixis and subjectivity: Loquor ergo sum?。Speech, Place, and Action: Studies in Deixis and Related Topics。John Wiley。  new window
 
 
 
 
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