文獻史料不僅可展現不同的文化內涵，也是詮釋不同時期歷史的重要參考，國史館臺灣文獻館(以下簡稱本館)所採集文獻史料主要指的是檔案、圖書與文物。傳承臺灣鄉土歷史是本館前身臺灣省文獻委員會成立的宗旨，因此，在民國38年成立後，文獻史料蒐集與典藏，一直就是實現這個任務最重要的工作之一。近年來社會急遽轉變，對傳統文化的觀念從忽視已逐步邁向重視，文獻史料更成為喚起民眾對臺灣文化的重視及傳承歷史不可或缺的一環。本館成立一甲子以來，在蒐集與典藏已具相當的成果，包含檔案、圖書與文物(含民俗文物、古文書及碑碣拓本)，這些文獻史料的取得，在早期經費較為充裕的情況下，購置與捐贈併行；但近年來逐漸轉變為捐贈與合作複製，是文獻史料採集的重要來源。採集文獻史料在當代的另一個目的，在於讓民眾可更貼近與體認臺灣歷史與文化，因此本館在館區也規劃了常態展並舉辦特展，以推廣臺灣的鄉土文化，與了解臺灣的歷史。本文即在介紹本館採集臺灣早期的文獻史料文物的源起與成果。

The Cultural Heritage Data presents the different cultural content, and can be important evidences of historical development in different periods. The collections of Taiwan Historica includes archives, books and folk historical relics. The main mission of The Historical Research Commission of Taiwan Province, or Taiwan Historica was to collect and inherit cultural heritages and historical data. Collecting native relics is the indispensable way for us to pass on the history of Taiwan, and the collection of Taiwan Historica had a considerable achievement in reservation today, including archives, books, and folk historical relics. Due to the limited budget, donation and replication, instead of purchasing, have become the main approaches for us to collect folk relics recently. Today, in order to promote Taiwan's culture through native historical data, we planned exhibition of historical relics to present these collections. The main purpose of the article is to introduce the origins and achievements of our collection and reservation.