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題名：哲學家兼修辭家？論修辭學在霍布斯政治理論中的功能
書刊名：政治與社會哲學評論
作者：梁裕康 引用關係
作者(外文)：Liang, Yu-kang
出版日期：2013
卷期：45
頁次：頁175-216
主題關鍵詞：湯瑪斯‧霍布斯；修辭；自由意志；脈絡；Thomas Hobbes；Rhetoric；Free will；Context
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:14
  • 點閱點閱:22
霍布斯被描繪成一位根據嚴謹的科學方法以建構其學說的哲學家。然而史欽納（Quentin Skinner）從所謂的脈絡主義（contextualism）觀點出發，認為綜觀霍布斯的一生，科學並非如一般而認為地全方位決定其思想。除了科學以外，霍布斯還帶有強烈的人文主義（humanist）色彩。這種人文主義的影響，在他晚期也是他最成熟的著作《利維坦》（Leviathan）中表露無遺。史欽納認為，這種詮釋最重要的證據，在於霍布斯作品的敘事風格歷經了極明顯的轉變：由重視論證過程的嚴謹與否，轉向強調論證影響力的修辭（rhetoric）效果。本文嘗試對史欽納的說法是否能有效詮釋霍布斯，提出若干不同觀點。在認識論上，哲學家與修辭家無法被視為合成或綜合（synthesis）的概念，但是可以被視為行為者在不同的語言－遊戲中所扮演的不同角色。因此，史欽納所謂的哲學家兼政治家，必須是指後者。
Thomas Hobbes' conception of scientia civilis has often been presented as if it is a straightforward application of his views about natural sciences. Quentin Skinner, according to his contextual analysis, contends that it is his humanist root rather than sciences that permeates through his later works, notably Leviathan. The most evident sign of this is Hobbes converting from science to rhetoric. This essay is to argue that Skinner's account of Hobbes can not sustain in the epistemological terms, since it is not compatible with Hobbes' view about free will. However, this does not prevent his argument from being valid in other terms, since in a sense rhetoric does play some pragmatic role in terms of speech-act theory. That is, Skinner's contextual analysis can account for the extent to which Hobbes's application of rhetoric is valid in different language-games rather than which his theory of rhetoric is compatible with philosophy in epistemological terms.
期刊論文
1.Gauthier, David P.(1997)。Book Review: Reason and Rhetoric in the Philosophy of Hobbes by Quentin Skinner。The Journal of Philosophy，94(2)，94-97。  new window
2.Ripstein, Arthur(1987)。Foundationalism in Political Theory。Philosophy & Public Affairs，16(2)，115-137。  new window
3.Zagorin, Perez(1999)。Two Books on Thomas Hobbes。Journal of the History of Ideas，60(2)，361-371。  new window
4.Skinner, Quentin(1969)。Meaning and Understanding in the History of Ideas。History and Theory，8(1)，3-53。  new window
5.錢永祥(19921100)。偉大的界定者：霍布斯絕對主權論的一個新解釋。人文及社會科學集刊，5(1)，87-127。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Wittgenstein, Ludwig、Anscombe, Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret(1968)。Philosophical investigations。Basil Blackwell。  new window
2.Aristotle、Rhys, Roberts W.、Bywater, Ingram(1954)。Aristotle: Rhetoric and Poetics。New York：The Modern Lib。  new window
3.Hobbes, Thomas(1839)。ncerning Body, The First Section of Elements of Philosophy。The English Works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury。London：J. Bohn。  new window
4.Hobbes, Thomas(2008)。The Elements of Law Natural and Politic。Oxford World's Classics。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
5.Johnston, David(1989)。The Rhetoric of Leviathan: Thomas Hobbes and the Politics of Cultural Transformation。Princeton University Press。  new window
6.Plato(2010)。Plato Gorgias, Menexenus, and Protagoras。Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought。New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
7.Rossini, Gigliola(1987)。The Criticism of Rhetorical Historiography and the Ideal of Scientific Method: History, Nature and Science in the Political Language of Thomas Hobbes。The Languages of Political Theory in Early-Modern Europe。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
8.Silver, Victoria(1996)。Hobbes on Rhetoric。The Cambridge Companion to Hobbes。New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
9.Skinner, Quentin(1993)。'Scientia Civilis' in Classical Rhetoric and in the Early Hobbes。Political Discourse in Early Modern Britain. Ideas in Context。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
10.Sorell, Tom(1999)。Hobbes。The Arguments of the Philosophers。London New York：Routledge。  new window
11.Tuck, Richard(2002)。Hobbes: A Very Short Introduction。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
12.Palonen, Kari(2003)。Quentin Skinner: History, Politics, Rhetoric。Cambridge, MA：Malden, MA：Polity Press：Polity Press。  new window
13.Skinner, Quentin(2002)。Visions of Politics, 3vols。Cambridge：New York：Cambridge University Press：Cambridge University Press。  new window
14.Strauss, L.(1952)。The Political Philosophy of Hobbes。Chicago, IL：The University of Chicago Press。  new window
15.Skinner, Q.、Tully, James(1988)。Meaning and Context: Quentin Skinner and His Critics。Cambridge：Polity Press。  new window
16.Skinner, Quentin(1996)。Reason and Rhetoric in the Philosophy of Hobbes。Cambridge University Press。  new window
17.Hobbes, Thomas、Macpherson, Crawford B.(1968)。Leviathan。London：Penguin。  new window
18.de Saussure Course, Ferdinand、Harris, Roy(1983)。General Linguistics。London：Duckworth。  new window
19.Aristotle、Ross, David、Ackrill, John L.、Urmson, James O.(1980)。The Nicomachean ethics。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
20.Wittgenstein, L.、Pears, D. F.、McGuinnies, B. F.(1961)。Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus。London：Routledge。  new window
21.Garsten, Bryan(2006)。Saving Persuasion: A Defense of Rhetoric and Judgment。Cambridge：Harvard University Press。  new window
22.Popkin, Richard(2003)。The History of Scepticism from Savonarola to Bayle。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
23.Descartes, Rene、Cotting-ham, John(1987)。Meditations on First Philosophy。New York：Cambridge University Press。  new window
圖書論文
1.Hobbes, Thomas(1998)。On The Citizen。Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。  new window
2.Hobbes, Thomas(1999)。Of Liberty and Necessity。Hobbes and Bramhall: On Liberty and Necessity. Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy。Cambridge University Press。  new window
3.Tuck, Richard(1988)。Hobbes and Descartes。Perspectives on Thomas Hobbes。Oxford：Clarendon Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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