相較於其它受造之非人存有，人的確有其存有等級的優位，這是存有學或人學上的優位，而非倫理學或價值學上的優位。換句話說，人即使是倫理和價值的唯一主體，也不代表他／她的利益應該或必須置於所有倫理考慮之先。反而必須說，由於人是倫理人，擔負起生態危機的重責大任，也因此人必須重新思考人該如何調整步伐以與自然和諧共處。本文的重點即在於從中西思想的智慧中，例如中國儒家、西方基督宗教等，尋求合乎生態永續發展的精神資源，試圖建構一生態和諧社會的倫理範式以達人與自然的和諧之道。

Human beings are indeed ontologically rather than ethically or valuably superior to other non-human creatures. In other words, the interests of human beings should not be prior to all the other ethical considerations even though they are the only subjects in terms of ethics and values. Instead, it is fair to say that men should, as ethical beings, be held responsible for the ecological crisis and therefore must re-consider how to adjust themselves and get along with nature. The main point of this article is to seek the spiritual resources suitable for the sustainable development of ecology among Chinese and Western thoughts, such as Confucianism and Christianity, in wishes to build a paradigm of ecologically harmonious society and reach the harmony between human beings and nature.