Global climate change has caused the decreasing number of annual rainy days and uneven rainfall distribution in Taiwan. Moreover, typhoons frequently cause heavy rainfall in a short time and often lead to flooding in central and southern coastal Taiwan. In the mountains and slopeland areas, due to the steep terrains and heavy runoffs, typhoons have caused frequent landslides and debris flows. On the other hand, in the dry seasons, Taiwan faces severe water shortages and limited water use. Due to natural and human factors, Taiwan's water storage and deployment have become more difficult. Consequently, the examination of water footprint can provide policymakers and the society a clear vision of the current overall water use. The Water Footprint Network defines the water footprint to include the impact assessments of two dimensions: water resource use and water pollution level. There are strong relationships among water consumption, energy use and greenhouse gas emission. The examination of Taiwan's water footprint can help policymakers and the society assess the degree of sustainability. This paper explores water consumption among five municipalities and seventeen counties in Taiwan, through the blue water footprint calculations. The goal is to help local and central governments propose appropriate water-saving policies to effectively manage Taiwan's water resources and further to move towards sustainability.