Museums have gradually become aware of their mission and social responsibility, and as such have been organizing outreach programs for long neglected, underdeveloped audiences such as prison inmates. Some scholars have asserted that outreach programs not only have the potential to remove the barriers to access to museums, but also help solve social problems such as poor health, crime, homelessness and unemployment. To promote the cultural rights of inmates, museums work with correctional institutions to carry out various projects. They bring rich educational resources into correctional institutions, motivating inmate learning, improving literacy, and building up inmate self-esteem and confidence through practical activities. Most programs incorporate museum artifacts and create a friendly environment for social interaction, encouraging inmate rehabilitation in preparation for release. While reviewing the concepts, content, strategies and participant feedback of a variety of museum outreach programs for inmates in different countries, the author introduces her experience of planning and conducting the National Palace Museum’s outreach programs for inmates in Taiwan since 2010. The aim of this article is to examine the benefits and effects of museum outreach programs in promoting the cultural rights of inmates such as developing potential audiences, helping inmates foster positive attitude and self-actualization, providing social support for rehabilitation, lowering recidivism and reducing violence. Finally, the author provides some practical suggestions for cooperation between museums and correctional institutions.