加泰隆尼亞的獨立公投，引發西班牙中央與地方自治區政府雙方的對決，備受國際注目；到底加泰隆尼亞的獨立公投歷史起因爲何？兩陣營的法律主張有何不同？本文將從公投事件的始末，加泰隆尼亞歷史發展與西班牙的恩怨，到2009年後歐債危機的發生引起西班牙地方與中央的衝突不斷，到西班牙的公投法的發展與其憲法的爭議，從法律及社會因素來看西班牙加泰隆尼亞的獨立公投的發展。

The independence referendum of Catalonya, the autonomous community in Spain, brought about a confrontation between Spain's central government and the local autonomous government and drew international attention. What is the historical factor for the Catalan independence referendum? And what is the difference between propositions of law from the two parties? This article reviews the development of the Catalan independence referendum from legal and social factors from the whole story of referendum, the resentment between Catalonia and Spain, the ongoing conflicts between local and central government regarding the European debt crisis in 2009, to the argument of the development of Spain's referendum law and constitution.