民國以來，一般人民囿於對政治冷漠的傳統，不願參與政治活動，知識份子亦 因繼帝制而興之共和國體，並未帶來國富民康之局面，感到失望。而自十九世紀以 來在城市新興的民眾，雖受到西方思潮之衝擊，但在中國政治現局的主觀與客觀環 境局限下，並未產生自發性的政治意識。 民國十三年（一九二四）時，主導當時中國國民革命運動的中國國民黨，實行 改組，對中國的民眾，尤其南方各城市的群眾，採取積極的態度，從事宣傳與組織 的工作，以打倒軍閥及打倒帝國主義為口號，號召群眾參與其國民革命運動。透過 其黨團幹部之努力，將許多原本對政治冷漠之城市群眾，帶入其種種政治活動之中 ，促使他們不但接受其政治主張，且積極參與其所領導之政治活動。本文主旨即在 以改組後之中國國民黨、在中國南方各重要城市的種種活動，說明其對城市群眾政 治意識的灌輸，及如何爭取並獲得城市群眾積極參與其政治活動的過程、方法與影 響。

　　　　　Before the Revolution of 1911, China had been an autocratic empire for more than two thousand years. As subjects of the empire, the Chinese people were apathetic to the politics. The establishment of a republic in 1912 did not immediately bring China into a democratic society and the chaos during the warlord period further cooled the desire of the Chinese to involve in the political arena. The reorganized Kuomintang, strength- ened with the democratic centralistic organization, promoted the emer- gence and growth of the political consciousness of the Chinese people. It is the intention of this paper to inquire into the nature, tactics and process of the Kuomintang's politicization of the urban masses between 1924 and 1927.