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題名：	國家概念初探
書刊名：	東海學報
作者：	宋興洲
出版日期：	1992
卷期：	33
頁次：	頁285-302
主題關鍵詞：	國家概念
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:0 點閱:19

　　　　　何謂國家﹖在政治學中，這是一最簡單但又最難捉摸的問題。本文首先探討「國家」研究復起之緣由。但是重新肯定「國家」研究有其重要性之說詞，受到結構功能國派學者阿蒙之抨擊。他認為國家概念本身就充滿了玄學的語意。由於國家概念引起極大的爭論，本文企圖解決三項有關國家之問題，並指出國家不等於政府，國家不是獨立行為者，而且在研究上不應只單獨注意國家或祇是社會。本文採取「構成關係」的方法以研究國家與社會之關係，並指出國家與社會間有四種吊詭現象。最後，本文認為，研究國家應將其視為整體結構擬結之組織原則，並視其為社會中管理與統治的結構及其所產生的效果。

以文找文

　　　　　What is the state﹖ This is one of the most simple yet elusive questions that can be asked in politics. This paper first summarizes the reasons why there has been a renewed interest in the state. The reaffirmation of the importance of the state in political explanation, however, has been challenged by a structure-functionalist scholar Almond. To Almond, this concept seems to have metaphyscial overtones. Owing to the debate on the return of the state, this paper tries to solve three related questions in terms of the state. It concludes that the state is not the government, that it is not independent actor, and that the research should focus neither on the state-centered theories nor on the society- centered theories. This paper adopts the "relational" approach in studying the state and the society and indicates that there is a paradox in four aspects of state-society relations. Finally, it concludes that the concept of the state should be analyzed as the organizing principles of structural coherence ans as the structure and its structural effect of governance and rule in society.

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Almond, Gabriel A.(1988)。The Return to the State。American Political Science Review，82(3)，853-874。
2.	Deutsch, Karl W.(1986)。State Functions and the Future of the State。International Political Science Review，7，207-222。
3.	Easton, David(1981)。The Political System Besieged by the State。Political Theory，9，303-325。
4.	Fabbrini, Sergio(1988)。The Return to the State: Critiques。American Political Science Review，62(3)，891-901。
5.	Jessop, Robert(1977)。Recent Theories of the Capitalist State。Cambridge Journal of Economics，1，353-373。
6.	Krasner, Stephen D.(1984)。Approaches to the State: Alternative Conceptions and Historical Dynamics。Comparative Politics，16，223-246。
7.	Lowi, Theodore J.(1988)。The Return to the State: Critiques。American Political science Review，82(3)，885-891。
8.	Mitchell, Timothy(1991)。The Limits of the State: Beyond Statist Approaches and Their Critics。American Political Science Review，85(1)，77-96。
9.	Nordlinger, Eric(1988)。The Return to the State: Critiques。American Political Science Review，82(3)，875-885。
10.	Poulantzas, Nicos(1969)。The Problem of the Capitalist State。New Left Review，58，67-78。
11.	Titus, C. H.(1931)。A Nomenclature in Political Science。American Political Science Review，25，45-60。

圖書
1.	Alford, R.、Friedland, R.(1985)。Powers of Theory。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。
2.	Badie, Bertrand、Birnbaum, Pierre、Goldhammer, Arthur(1983)。The Sociology of the State。Chicago：The University of Chicago Press。
3.	Cawson, Alan(1988)。Corporatism and Political Theory。New York：Basil Blackwell。
4.	Cerny, Philip G.(1990)。The Changing Architecture Politics: Structure, Agency, and the Future of the State。Newbury Park, CA：Sage Publications。
5.	Clark, Gordon L.、Dear, Michael(1984)。State Apparatus: Structures and Language of Legitimacy。Boston：Allen & Unwin。
6.	Cole, G. D. H.(1920)。Social Theory。London：Methuen。
7.	Dyson, K. H. F.(1980)。The State Tradition in Western Europe: A Study of An Idea and Institution。Oxford：Martin Robertson。
8.	Easton, David(1953)。The Political System: An Inquiry into the State of Political Science。New York：Alfred A. Knopf。
9.	Green, Leslie(1990)。The Authority of the State。Oxford：Clarendon Press。
10.	Hamilton, Nora(1982)。The Limits of State Autonomy: Post-Revolutionary Mexico。Princeton：Princeton University Press。
11.	Jessop, Robert(1982)。The Capitalist State。New York：New York University Press。
12.	Jessop, Robert(1990)。The State Theory: Putting States in Their Place。Polity Press。
13.	Laski, Harold J.(1919)。Authority in the Modern State。New Haven, Conn.：Yale University Press。
14.	MacIver, R. M.(1926)。The Modern State。Oxford：Oxford University Press。
15.	Maier, Charles S.(1987)。Changing Boundaries of the Political: Essays on the Evolving Balance between the State and Society, Public and Private in Europe。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。
16.	Miliband, Ralph(1969)。The State In Capitalist Society。New York：Basic Books。
17.	Ogg, Frederic、Ray, P. Orman(1985)。Introduction to American Government。New York：Century Co.。
18.	Poulantzas, Nicos(1973)。Political Power and Social Classes。London：New Left Books。
19.	Vincent, Andrew(1987)。Theories of the State。New York：Basil Blackwell。
20.	Watkins, Frederick(1968)。International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences。New York：Macmillan。
21.	Wolfe, Alan(1977)。The Limits of Legitimacy: Political Contradictions of Contemporary Capitalist。New York：Free Press。
22.	Carnoy, Martin(1984)。The State and Political Theory。Princeton University Press。
23.	Skocpol, Theda(1979)。States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia, and China。Cambridge University Press。

圖書論文
1.	Almond, Gabriel A.(1987)。The Development of Political Development。Understanding Political Development。Boston：Little, Brown and Company。
2.	Benjamin, Roger、Duvall, Raymond D.(1985)。The Capitalist State in Context。The Democratic State。Lawrence, KS：University Press of Kansas。
3.	Berki, R. N.(1989)。Vocabularies of the State。Politics and Social Theory。New York：Routledge。
4.	Caporaso, James A.(1989)。Introduction: The State in Comparative and International Perspective。The Elusive State: International and Comparative Perspectives。Newbury Park, CA：Sage Publications, Inc.。
5.	Duncan, Graerae(1989)。[Democracy and the Capitalist State] Introduction。Democracy and the Capitalist State。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。
6.	Issac, Jeffrey C.(1987)。After Empiricism: The Realist Alternative。Idioms of Inquiry: Critique and Renewals in Political Science。New York：State University of New York Press。
7.	Jessop, Robert(1990)。Putting States in Their Place: State Systems and State Theory。New Developments in Political Science。Aldershot, Hants, UK：Edward Elgar。
8.	Nordlinger, Eric(1987)。Taking the State Seriously。Understanding Political Development。Boston：Little Brown。
9.	Rees, J. C.(1969)。The Theory of Sovereignty Restated。In Defence of Sovereignty。Oxford：Oxford University Press。
10.	Rockman, Bert A.(1989)。Minding the State--Or a State of Mind? Issues in the Comparative Conceptualization of the State。The Elusive State: International and Comparative Perspectives。Newbury Park, CA：Sage Publications。
11.	Rosenau, James N.(1989)。The State in An Era of Cascading Politics: Wavering Concept, Widening Competence, Withering Colossus, or Weathering Change?。The Elusive State: International and Comparative Perspectives。Newbury Park, CA：Sage Publications。
12.	Rueschemyer, Dietrich、Evans, Peter(1985)。The State and Economic Transformation: Toward An Analysis of the Conditions Underlying Effective Intervention。Bringing the State Back in。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。
13.	Schmitter, Philippe(1985)。Neo-Corporatism and the State。The Political Economy of Corporatism。New York：St. Martin's。
14.	Skocpol, Theda(1985)。Bringing the State Back in: Strategies of Analysis in Current Research。Bringing the State Back in。Cambridge：Cambridge: Cambridge UniversCambridge University Pressity Press。

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