This paper could be divided two parts. First, analysis the zoning of"FANG" in Tainan during Ching dynasty. Second, research the transformation of urban structure of the same city at the beginning of colonization period. The following results were obtained. Although, it is popularly known that Tainan had a cross shaped urban structure, it's process of development is not yet known. And, Tainan was divided into four Fangs; east, west, south and north, by two snaky streets laid to cross each other which connected subordinate gates of fortification. The specific characteristics of Tainan was the location of snaky streets, connected south-east, north-east and south-west, north-west gates, but not east, west, south, north main gates. Further it came to light that city had multilayered checker bord pattern street. The second half of this paper elucidates the replanning process of Tainan city at the beginning of colonization period of Japan. A light railway system and Tainan station were built for the army's supply first. For joining Tainan station and An Pyng port, outport of Tainan, two roads were improved. A statue of Komada, the Governor-General of Taiwan, at the center of one of the road was erected and, the core of Tainan was molded. This research result was obtained by this paper.