生產資料所有制是社會生產關系的基礎。土地是最重要的生產資料。深入剖析研究歷史上的土地制度,是理解歷史、認識歷史、闡釋歷史的基礎,更是理解、認識、闡釋文化血脈、文明基因、制度體系,增強文化自信的基礎。因此,它始終是中國馬克思主義史學的優秀傳統與鮮明特征。中國馬克思主義史學誕生之后,特別是新中國成立以來,以對封建土地所有制形式問題的探討為核心,中國古代土地制度研究成果豐碩,成就巨大,在國際史學界獨樹一幟,廣受關注,允稱中國風格、氣派與氣象。改革開放以來,隨著新材料的發現和出土資料的增加,加之跨學科方法的運用以及視野的拓展等,史學界對于中國古代土地制度的認識愈加細膩與深入。在中國特色社會主義進入新時代的背景下,怎樣在傳承中國馬克思主義史學優秀傳統的基礎上作出與新時代相匹配的創新性成就,進而為科學地揭示中國歷史發展道路、中國歷史發展規律奠定堅實的基礎,從"歷史的深處"去深刻理解習近平總書記關于"歷史決定了我們"等重要論述,推進歷史學方面的學術體系建設,我們認為,深入探討中國古代土地制度演變與國家治理、社會發展的密切關系,應是一個不可缺席的選項。基于這種考慮,我們約請蘇州大學社會學院臧知非教授、華中師范大學歷史學院周國林教授、河南大學歷史文化學院耿元驪教授、首都師范大學歷史學院李華瑞教授、上海交通大學人文學院趙思淵副教授、中山大學歷史學系劉志偉教授以"唯物史觀視閾下的中國古代土地制度變遷"為題,撰寫了本組專題文章。他們在繼承、總結、分析以往研究成果的基礎上,深入探討了自戰國至明清與土地制度變遷密切相關的主要問題。各篇文章均基于詳實的史料,從土地所有制的性質、形式,戶籍賦稅、土地政策、土地法規與土地制度的關系,土地市場的運作實踐等方面,闡釋了中國古代土地制度演變的實質、特點與規律,反映了新時期中國古代土地制度研究的新成果及趨向,代表了新時代相關研究的水平。這是繼史學界"五朵金花"問題討論之后,又一次集中性地討論中國古代土地制度問題。我們期待這組文章能夠起一個示范作用,在守正創新的原則下,對建設中國特色社會主義新時代的中國馬克思主義史學有所助益。當然,雖經外審專家嚴格審稿與編輯部認真編輯,由于視角與見解的不同,各文稿應尚有值得商榷之處。我們期待著學術界同人的批評指正。

Ownership of the means of production is the basis of social production relations,and land is the most important of these means.In-depth analysis of historical land ownership is the basis for understanding and interpreting history,and more than that,is the basis for understanding and interpreting the bloodlines of culture,the genes of civilization and institutional systems and for enhancing cultural selfconfidence.It has therefore always been an outstanding tradition and distinctive feature of Chinese Marxist historiography.Since the emergence of Chinese Marxist historiography,and especially since 1949,research on land ownership in ancient China,with a focus on the form of feudal land ownership,has obtained fruitfulresults and tremendous achievements,occupying a unique position and gaining widespread attention in international historical circles;it could be said to have a"Chinese style and manner "and a Chinese atmosphere.Since reform and opening up,the discovery of new materials,an increase in archeological finds,the use of interdisciplinary methods and the expansion of horizons have enabled historians to reach a subtler and deeper understanding of ancient Chinese land ownership.As socialism with Chinese characteristics enters the new era,it is our view that in-depth discussion of the close relationship between the evolution of land ownership in ancient China and the period’s state governance and social development is a prerequisite for the deep understanding of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important expositions such as"History determines us" from"deep history. " We must promote the construction of an academic system for the study of history through innovative achievements that live up to the new era and are based on the excellent tradition of Chinese Marxist history,thus laying a solid foundation for scientifically demonstrating the road taken by and the laws governing Chinese history.For this reason,we have invited Professor Zang Zhifei from the School of Social Sciences at Soochow University,Professor Zhou Guolin from the School of History at the Central China Normal University,Professor Geng Yuanli from the School of History and Culture at Henan University,Professor Li Huarui from the School of History at the Capital Normal University,Associate Professor Zhao Siyuan from the School of Humanities at Shanghai Jiao Tong University,and Professor Liu Zhiwei from the Department of History at Sun Yat-sen University to write this set of special articles on the topic"Changes in Land Ownership in Ancient China from the Perspective of Historical Materialism." On the basis of inheriting,summing up,and analyzing previous research findings,they thoroughly have explored the main issues closely related to changes in land ownership from the Warring States to the Ming and Qing dynasties.Based on detailed historical data,the articles expound the nature,characteristics and laws governing the evolution of ancient Chinese land ownership in terms of the nature and form of land ownership and the relationship between household registration-based taxation,land policies,land regulations and land ownership,as well as the operation of the market in land.They reflect new achievements and trends in the study of ancient Chinese land ownership in the new era and the level of related research in the new era.This concentrated discussion of ancient Chinese land ownership represents an addition to the"five most heatedly discussed issues "(aka"five golden flowers")in Chinese historical circles.We expect this set of articles will serve as a model,under the principle of keeping to principles and pursuing innovation,it will assist Chinese Marxist historiography in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Due to their different perspectives and views,of course,these contributions may have some points that need further discussion,even though the manuscripts were scrupulously scrutinized by our review experts and conscientiously edited by the editorial department.We look forward to criticisms and corrections from all sides.