中國無政府主義運動萌芽於辛亥革命時期,民國建立以後,由於時空環境變動,無政府主義運動也呈現截然不同的面貌及影響.其後於五四運動時期,馬克思主義派在中國逐漸興起,馬克思主義派為求能立足於中國,遂採取聯合無政府主義派的策略.但因兩派理論與利益均存有強烈的衝突,最後終於決裂而致對立.後來國民黨實行聯俄容共路線,掌握時代主導,無政府主義 運動的發展益發困難.迨北伐完成,國民政府施行<訓政綱領>, 限制其他黨派與思想的活動,再加上無政府主義局限於本身理論的浪漫與不切實際,以致整體運動走向衰落.

The anarchism movement in China has emerged around the revolution of1911. However,the expression of the movement and its influence on theChinese society turned quite different after foundation of the Republic ofChina. Then Marxism rose around the period of May Fourth Movement .Striving to find a way to stand itself in China,Marxism tentativelydeveloped the strategy to collborate with anarchism. This collaborationdid not maintain long and ended with rupture due to the sever conflict ofthe two beliefs in therretical and interest base. The development ofanarchism was even more difficult after KMT gained control over thecountry and followed the route in alliance with the Russia and ChineseCommunists. The success of Northern Expedition enabled the ChiangKai-shek government to put the political tutelage into force to limite theactivities or growth of all other political parties or thoughts,includinganarchism. Worse of it,anarchism was too romantic and unrealistic in itsnature,which rendered declination an unevitable outcome.