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題名:工作-家庭衝突組織社會化對離開現職傾向影響之研究:以台商派駐大陸已婚員工為例
作者:董玉娟 引用關係
作者(外文):Yu-Chuan Tung
校院名稱:國立中山大學
系所名稱:企業管理學系研究所
指導教授:黃俊英
黃英忠
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2000
主題關鍵詞:組織支持離開現職傾向家庭支持組織社會化工作-家庭衝突family supportwork-family conflictorgainzation supportsoicalizationintent to leave
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摘 要
隨著企業國際化的趨勢, 學術界亦刮起了國際企業的研究風潮, 自1970年代開始, 對派外人員調適的研究如雨後春筍般的出現, 而這股風潮至今乃然方興未艾。為什麼會有這麼多的學者及實務界人士, 對於派外人員的管理如此重視? 其原因不外乎派外人員的高成本及高失敗率, 除了有形的成本之外, 其他尚包括可能失去一個良好的派遣人員, 或是因為派遣人員的離職造成與駐在國的顧客關係中斷, 而對派遣人員當事人而言, 則可能造成家庭的不諒解, 家庭不和諧的無形成本。因此, 不管是對於實務界或是對學術界而言, 派外人員離開現職傾向的探討都是一個很重要的議題。
本研究以工作-家庭衝突及組織社會化理論出發, 就個人因素、家庭因素、家庭支持、組織支持、工作-家庭衝突以及組織社會化方面探討其對派外人員離開現職傾向的影響, 以及個人因素、家庭因素、工作的投入、家庭的投入、家庭支持、組織支持是否會影響工作-家庭衝突的高低, 另一方面, 個人因素以及資訊的蒐尋行為是否對派外人員社會化的程度有所影響?本研究針對以上的問題, 來進行驗證, 希望能建立一個更能解釋派外人員離開現職傾向的模式。
在實證研究方面, 本研究以台商派駐大陸的人員為研究對象, 以雪球抽樣的方式, 進行問卷的調查, 回收有效樣本171份, 得到幾點主要的結論: 首先, 整體而言, 本研究離開現職傾向、離開組織傾向、轉換工作傾向以及提前回任傾向的模式適合度均良好。其次, 工作-家庭衝突、組織社會化對派外人員的離開現職傾向、離開組織傾向、提前回任傾向均有顯著的直接影響; 工作-家庭衝突、工作相似性以及組織支持對派外人員的轉換工作傾向有顯著的直接影響。第三、家庭支持對派外人員的離開現職傾向、提前回任傾向有顯著的直接及間接的影響, 而對派外人員的離開組織傾向以及轉換工作傾向則透過工作-家庭衝突對派外人員有間接的影響。第四、父母的健康、最小小孩子的年齡則透過工作-家庭衝突對派外人員的離開現職傾向有間接的影響, 而派駐的職位則透過組織社會化對離開現職傾向有顯著的間接影響。第五、派外人員對父母的健康放心與否對家庭投入有負向的影響力, 而派駐的職位高低則對工作投入有顯著的正向影響力。
Abstract
With the international age coming, a number of studies have been done regarding the management of expatriates, but little research has focused on the expatriates' decisions to quite their assignment. A comprehensive model is developed to test the cause of the expatriates' turnover tendencies. The model is applied both of the theories from socialization and work-family conflict. Date were obtained with a sample of 171 expatriates in Mainland China from Taiwan's international businesses. Results were indicated that work-family conflict and socialization have the direct effect on intent to leave organization and intent to transfer back prior to the completion of their foreign assignments. Work-family conflict, job similarity, organization support have the direct effect on intent-to-leave the job. Family support has both of the direct and indirect effects on the intent to transfer back prior to the completion of their foreign assignments. Parents' health and the youngest child's age have the indirect effect on the expatriates' intent-to-leave through work-family conflict. Expatriate's position has the indirect effect on the expatriates' intent-to-leave through expatriate's socialization. Implication for international HRM researchers and practitioners are discussed.
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