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題名：知識生態理論的建構與實證
作者：陳燈能
作者(外文)：Deng-neng Chen
校院名稱：國立中山大學
系所名稱：資訊管理學系研究所
指導教授：梁定澎
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2004
主題關鍵詞：知識生態；知識管理；知識管理績效；組織績效；organizational performance；knowledge management performance；Knowledge management；knowledge ecology
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隨著知識資產成為組織競爭力的最重要來源，知識管理也已經成為管理科學最重要的研究議題之一，建構於不同理論基礎的知識管理模式紛紛被提出來。在本研究中，我們提出以生態學的理論觀點來分析組織知識管理的問題。生態學可以視為巨觀的生物學，它以宏觀、動態的角度去思考生態系統內的問題，因為其理論的嚴謹性，也常常被其他的領域所引用。
本研究首先分析、整理生態學理論觀點，並從中建立了生態理論模型—DICE模式，用以解釋族群在生態系統內的生態關係。DICE模式主要定義了四個階段的生態關係，分別是分佈（Distribution）、互動（Interaction）、競爭（Competition）、演化（Evolution）。其次，我們將組織視為一個知識生態系統，組織的不同知識能力則是生態系統內的知識族群，在組織內保持一種動態的平衡關係。我們並將DICE模式應用到組織的知識生態環境之中，組織內的知識管理問題則被定義成知識分佈、知識互動、知識競爭、知識演化四個生態構面，進而觀察以這四個知識生態構面對於組織的知識管理績效之間的影響關係。
為了驗證知識生態的理論，本研究首先進行了個案研究，探索個案公司中知識管理的推動現況，以實地的資料來詮釋知識生態的各個研究構面，並以個案研究的結果來修訂知識生態研究構面的操作型定義。其次，我們以問卷調查研究，對知識生態與組織知識管理績效之間的關係進行驗證。結果發現，知識管理資訊系統的應用會影響組織的知識生態發展，並進而影響到組織的知識管理推動績效。藉由生態學的理論基礎，本研究建立了組織的知識生態模型，提出生態觀點的創新模型來探索組織內知識管理的問題。我們期望能夠在學術研究上建立創新的知識管理研究架構，做為後續知識管理研究的參考，並為企業經營提供更為有效的知識管理策略建議。
Research in knowledge management has gained much attention in recent years. In the past, the process view that focuses on the creation, organization, sharing, and application of explicit and tacit knowledge has dominated knowledge management research. In this study, we propose an alternative view that examines the dynamic relationships of knowledge from an ecological perspective. The DICE model developed from relevant ecological concepts is proposed. The model consists of four major dimensions in measuring the status of organizational knowledge management: knowledge distribution, interaction, competition and evolution. These four elements interact with each other and evolve over time to form a knowledge ecology in an organization.
The DICE model is supported by a qualitative case study in this research. Evidence collected through interviews in a large semi-conductor packaging company indicate the existence of these dimensions. A quantitative survey was then conducted to examine the relationships between these knowledge ecology constructs and organizational performance. The results show that different knowledge ecology do affect knowledge management performance. Therefore, the DICE model can be used to measure the knowledge ecology of an organization and managers can use the model to assess their knowledge ecology and make improvement in order to enhance organizational performance.
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