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題名:法醫學的酒精測定--血液或呼氣酒精濃度
書刊名:警學叢刊
作者:韋恩•瓊司蘇志強
作者(外文):Su, Chi-chiang
出版日期:2000
卷期:30:4=128
頁次:頁19-55
主題關鍵詞:酒精分析血液呼氣酒醉駕駛酒精損傷執法藥物動力學交通安全AlcoholAnalysisBloodBreathDrunk drivingEthanolImpairmentLaw enforcementPharmacokineticsTraffic safety
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 點閱點閱:58
     以體液來測度酒精濃度已成為刑事科學及毒物實驗上的一項重大工作,在交通執法上,常以呼氣測試進行路邊檢測與蒐證,而在法律規定上,亦將超過呼氣或血液酒精標準值駕駛者,認定為犯罪行為,至於係該選擇血液或呼氣進行檢測,其考慮因素較複雜,常與政治及個人喜好有關。若與血液檢測比較,呼氣檢測較不侵犯人身,但僅能用於合作者及生存者,而相關麻醉藥品對駕駛能力之減損則較易以血液進行分析而非呼氣,另以血液樣本進行再確認分析亦比以呼氣樣本來得實際。限制駕駛之標準呼氣濃度(BrAC)可從標準血液濃度推導求得,呼氣對血液之轉換因子,依國家不同可分為:2000:1,2100:1或2300:1。過去研究顯示,BAC/BrAC之平均比值為2400:1,若採用此值則對呼氣檢測有利。呼氣與血液濃度之相關度頗高,可採集序列樣本分析之,一般呼氣測度易受體溫、肺功能、呼氣型態等生理現象左右,因對BAC或BrAC之標準值,檢測方式之不同及誤差,均可能造成起訴與否之差別,因此,法定標準值訂定時,應採高信賴度之統計檢定(99%或99.9%)。最後,血液及呼氣若與臨床症狀或生理測試相較,應為較具體且易行之檢測方法。
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