Private international law is designed to deal with the question of when and why the courts of one jurisdiction take into consideration the elements of foreign law because of the discrepancy in different legal systems. Furthermore, the importance of party autonomy is multiplied because of different laws. In choice-of-law decisions, there is but one basic policy, namely, protection of the expectations of the parties. Such predictability is served, and party expectations are protected, by giving effect to the parties' own choice of the applicable law. Party autonomy means that the parties are free to decide the law governing their contract, subject to certain limitations. This principle is articulated in paragraph 1, article 6 of ROC's Law governing the application of laws to civil matters involving foreign elements which provides: "The applicable law of contractual obligations shall be decided by the principle of party autonomy." Since this article is numerously invoked in court decisions on international trade and maritime issues, a study to correctly apply this article is worthwhile in view of the fact the supreme court of ROC interprets this article in a sharp contrast to those of both civil law and common law countries and scholars. Since private international law derives the concept of the party autonomy from western jurisprudence, most ROC's scholar in this regard illustrates this concept by invoking relevant international well-known cases instead of the supreme court decisions of ROC. Therefore, there is virtually no study on the review of the application of the concept of the principle of party autonomy in the supreme court decisions of ROC. Accordingly, with a view to upgrading decisions quality by combining scholarly theories with judicial practices, this study will center on reviewing the supreme court decisions.