條件政黨政府理論與1990年代美國國會的立法改革__臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

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題名：	條件政黨政府理論與1990年代美國國會的立法改革
書刊名：	國家發展研究
作者：	劉有恆／趙永茂
作者(外文)：	Liu, Yiuheng／Chao, Yung-mau
出版日期：	2002
卷期：	1:2
頁次：	頁67-102
主題關鍵詞：	條件政黨政府；立法改革；美國國會；共和黨；Conditional party government；Legislative reform；U.S. Congress；Republican Party
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:0 點閱:15

1994年美國國會期中選舉共和黨大勝，1990年代中期起參眾兩院在共和黨主政下，國會組織結構與立法程序發生了重大變化。「條件政黨政府理論」指出，團結的多數黨將會改變國會組織結構，強化政黨領袖的權力，能在沒有少數黨的支持下完成立法；如果多數黨內部的政策目標分歧，政黨領袖的權力便會弱化。1995年共和黨國會與柯林頓總統的平衡預算衝突引發的政府關閉事件，成為條件政黨政府現象在眾議院出現與消退的區隔，先後兩階段眾議院的權力結構有重大差別。參議院也在這一波改革風潮中發生了緩慢的改變。

以文找文

The Republican Party won a stunning victory in the 1994 American Congress' midterm election. The Congress' organizational structure and legislative process witnessed a major change since the mid-1990s when the Republican majority controlled both chambers. According to Conditional Party Government Theory, a unified majority party will try to alter the inner organizational structure of a legislature, to reinforce the power of the party leader, and therefore enact priority legislation without any support from the minority. When the policy goal within the majority is in itself diverse, then the power of leadership will be weakened. The balance budget battle between the Republican Congress and President Clinton in 1995 and the consequent shutdown of the federal government had become the landmark of the conditional party government phenomenon in the House; there the power structures in both stages within the House are very different. The Senate also has been affected during the wave of reformism and only slow introduced any changes.

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Sinclair, Barbara(1999)。Transformational Leader or Faithful Agent? Principal-Agent Theory and House Majority Party Leadership。Legislative Studies Quarterly，24(3)，421-449。
2.	Shepsle, Kenneth A.(1979)。Institutional Arrangements and Equilibrium in Multidimensional Voting Models。American Journal of Political Science，23(1)，27-59。
3.	Austen-Smith, David(1990)。Information Transmission in Debate。American Journal of Political Science，34(1)，124-152。

圖書
1.	Poole, Keith T.、Rosenthal, Howard(1997)。Congress: A Political-Economic History of Roll Call Voting。New York：Oxford University Press。
2.	Kiewiet, D. Roderick、McCubbins, Mathew D.(1991)。The Logic of Delegation: Congressional Parties and the Appropriations Process。University of Chicago Press。
3.	Rohde, David W.(1991)。Parties and Leaders in the Postreform House。University of Chicagon Press。
4.	Brady, David W.、Volden, Craig(1998)。Revolving Gridlock: Politics and Policy from Carter to Clinton。Westview Press。
5.	Krehbiel, Keith(1998)。Pivotal Politics: A Theory of U.S. Lawmaking。Chicago, IL：University of Chicago Press。
6.	Krehbiel, Keith(1991)。Information and Legislative Organization。Ann Arbor：University of Michigan Press。
7.	Cox, Gary W.、McCubbins, Matthew D.(1993)。Legislative Leviathan。CA：University of California。

其他
1.	Aldrich, John H.(1995)。Why Parties? The Origin and Transformation of Political Parties in America.，Chicago：University of Chicago Press。
2.	Aldrich, John H. and David W. Rohde(1995)。Theories of the Party in the Legislature and the Transition to Republican Rule in the House。
3.	Aldrich, John H.(1996)。The Republican Revolution and the House Appropriations Committee。
4.	Aldrich, John H.(1997)。Balance of Power: Republican Party Leadership and the Committee System in the 104th House。
5.	Aldrich, John H.(1997-1998)。The Transition to Republican Rule in the House: Implications for Theories of Congressional Politics。
6.	Aldrich, John H.(1998)。Measuring Conditional Party Government。
7.	Aldrich, John H.(2001)。The Logic of Conditional Party Government: Revisiting the Electoral Connection。
8.	Austen-Smith, David, William Riker(1987)。Asymmetric Information and the Coherence of Legislation。
9.	Cooper, Joseph and David W Brady(1981)。Institutional Context and Leadership Style: The House from Cannon to Rayburn。
10.	Davidson, Roger H.(1999)。Buding the Republican Regime: Leaders and Committees。
11.	Davidson, Roger H. and Walter J. Oleszek(1998)。Congress and Its Members，Washington, DC：CQ Press.。
12.	Dodd, Lawrence C. and Bruce I. Oppenheimer(1997)。Congress and the Emerging Order: Conditional Party Government or Constructive Partisanship?。
13.	Evans, C. Lawerence and Walter J. Oleszek(1997)。Congress Under Fire: Reform Politics and the Republican Majority，Boston：Houghton Mifflin。
14.	Evans, C. Lawerence and Walter J. Oleszek(1997)。Congressional Tsunami? The Politics of Committee Reform。
15.	Evans, C. Lawerence and Walter J. Oleszek(1999)。Procedural Features of House Republican Rule。
16.	Gilligan, Thomas, Keith Krehbiel(1989)。Asymmetric Information and Legislative Rules with a Heterogeneous Committee。
17.	Moscardelli, Vincent G and Moshe Haspel, Richard S. Wike(1998)。Party building through campaign finance reform: Conditional Party Government in the 104th Congress。
18.	Pool, Keith T.(2001)。DW-NOMINATE Scores, Legislator Estimates 1st to 106th Houses。
19.	Rohde, David W. and Kenneth A. Shepsle(1987)。Leaders and Followers in the House of Representatives: Reflections on Woodrow Wilson's Congressional Government。
20.	Shepsie, Kenneth A. and Brian Humes(198411)。Legislative Leadership: Organizational Entrepreneurs as Agents。
21.	Shepsle, Kenneth A. and Barry R. Weingast(1994)。Positive Theories of Congressional Institutions。

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