身體質量指數是近年來廣被使用的簡易肥胖評估法，但造成肥胖的來源可能是脂肪或肌肉，若僅以體重及身高為判定肥胖的依據，適用性易受爭議。本研究以102位空軍官校男性飛行生（平均年齡22±0.8歲、身高172±5.2公分、體重70±9.6公斤）為研究對象，經InBody3.0身體組成分析儀測量身體組成，另並測量身高、體重以換算為身體質量指數、理想體重、體重常模，再經以Pearson相關探討體重、身高、年齡與各項身體組成測量值之間，以及各因素相互間的相關性。顯著水準為α＝.05。研究結果得知：一、身高及體重與肌肉量呈正顯著相關，另體重與體脂肪百分比亦具正顯著相關性，且比肌肉量相關性更高。二、當界定體脂肪大於25%為肥胖者時，其身體質量指數的界定值應調降為大於、等於24.5，另並搭配以大於外百分等級的體重常模或體重超出理想體重20%為肥胖者的覆檢措施，才能消除身體質量指數對肥胖的誤判。

The body mass index (BMI) was widely used to evaluate obesity. However, obesity could not simply be based on one's weight, and height due to it was composed by fat and muscle. The purposes of the study were to investigate the relationship between the age, height, body weight and the body composition. One hundred and two male AFA students volunteered as the study subjects (mean age is 22±0.8 years, height 172±5.2 cm, body weight 70±9.6 kg). All of the subjects had to test the body composition (by the InBody 3.0). The Pearson moment product coefficient was used to test the correlation between the age, height, body weight and the body composition. The alpha level equaled to .05. The finding of the study as follows: (1) The height and body weight had a positive relation with the muscle mass and the weight had higher positive relation with the body fat percent (BF). (2) The BMI should cut down to be ≧24.5 when the standard body fat percent (BF) was greater than>25%. Meanwhile, Once used the under standard one should used the rank >95% of weight or the ideal of weight over 20% as well as to avoid the misjudgment by BMI.