The USA implemented its Section 301 of Trade Law in 1974 to counter unfair trade actions adopted by other countries; then the EC also implemented its European edition of Section 301, Council Regulation (EEC) 2641/84 (New Commercial Policy Instrument, thereinafter called NCPI), in 1984 to prevent illicit commercial practices, and maintain its legal benefits within bilateral and multilateral organizations. After ten years of implementation, the EC has amended the above Regulation as Council Regulation (EC) 3286/94 (Trade Barrier Regulation, thereinafter called TBR), which is intended to delete the trade barriers for EC products in the EC market and other markets, to protect its deserving international interests. The purpose of TBR as one of the main instruments is to protect EC benefits within international trade organizations, particularly within World Trade Organization (hereinafter called WTO), thus this thesis seeks to analyze in depth the issues related to TBR. Firstly, this thesis explores the substantial norm of the EC TBR, including the background, purpose, protective objects and constitutive elements of TBR, etc. Secondly, this thesis discusses the related investigative procedure, e.g. application procedure, consultative procedure, investigative procedure, and the adopted measures of trade policy. Finally, this thesis examines some existing cases and the past experiences, and analyzes the enforcement results of the TBR mechanism.