The purpose of this study was to understand operating room nurses' awareness of occupational hazards, hazard prevention methods, their degree of worry about occupational hazards and factors that influenced these aspects. A structured questionnaire was developed to collect data form a purposive sampling of nurses who worked in an operating room in one medical center. The results showed that: 1) nurses' awareness of occupational hazards was relatively high; 2) use of preventive methods, which included wearing goggles when in contact with patient blood or body fluids, using needle-holding forceps when loading or unloading blades, and wearing goggles during laser surgery, were relatively low; 3) the degree of worry about occupational hazard ranged form “a little worried” to “very worried”; and 4) and inverse significant relationship was found between level of awareness and whether nurses had been splashed in the eyes with blood or body fluids. Whether or not nurses had children was significantly correlated with the use of preventive methods, that is , those nurses who had children ranked significantly higher than those who did not on use of preventive methods. Findigs suggest that nurses need to be more alert at work, familiarize themselves with hazard prevention procedures in the operating room, and implement proper hazard prevention techniques to reduce the occurrence of occupational hazards, such as injury from sharp medical objects or blood and body fluid contact.