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題名:張嘉璈與戰後初期中蘇關於「國民政府接收東北」之談判(1945/10∼1946/4)
書刊名:政治科學論叢
作者:栗國成
作者(外文):Lee, Kuo-cheng
出版日期:2003
卷期:19
頁次:頁139-180
主題關鍵詞:蔣中正宋子文王世杰張嘉璈東北之接收中蘇東北經濟合作史達林馬林諾夫斯基斯拉特闊夫斯基Chiang Kai-shekT.V. SoongWang Shih-chiehChang Kia-ngauThe takeover of Manchuria from Soviet TroopsThe Sino-Soviet economic cooperation in ManchuriaJoseph V. StalinRodion Y. MalinovskyMikhail I. Sladkovsky
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(2) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:7
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     二次大戰末期,蘇聯匆促對日宣戰,蘇軍隨即依〈雅爾達協定〉,兵分三路,佔據中國全東北(1945/8~1946/4)。扶植中共勢力進入東北(偶有壓抑),阻撓國民政府軍隊迅速進入該地區;藉以逼使國民政府「親蘇疏美」,及應允合辦東北工礦業,為蘇聯此時主要對華策略。蘇軍撤出東北,則採取能拖則拖戰術。 國民政府參與主持接收東北對蘇談判者,在中央為行政院長宋子文,及外交部長王世杰;在長春則為東北行營之熊式輝、張嘉璈、蔣經國。張嘉璈根據其自身與蘇方接觸經驗,力主國民政府不妨曲從蘇聯不當之要求,儘速與之議定「中蘇東北經濟合作協定」,則蘇聯或能儘速撤軍,並讓國軍迅速進入東北(至少可據有南滿);以免夜長夢多,使中共得志於東北,而將不利於國民政府之大局。蔣經國大體同意張氏主張。在中央之宋子文、王世杰,或者由於親身參與《中蘇友好同盟條約》談判之不良印象,極端反對張氏見解,力主除非蘇軍完全自東北撤出,將不與之議定東北經濟合作協定。蔣中正傾向於宋、王見解。此一決策之制定,或即為其後國民政府失利於東北的原因之一。 就維護國家民族之尊嚴及利益角度觀察,宋、王主張,應為無誤;惟就現實政治之利害關係言,宋、王主張或不免失之理想,只能迫使蘇聯更加支持中共,反不若張氏主張之務實。於此是否也突顯了在那段艱辛的談判歲月中(1945/10~1946/4),張嘉璈氏也算得上是一位別具「卓識」的政府談判代表。
     Chang Kia-ngau was a Chinese banker and a high rank official in the Nationalist Government before the end of World War II. During the latter part of the Sino-Japanese War (1943 to 1945), he had lived in US and served as a government sponsored researcher focusing on the problems of economies and reconstructions of China during the postwar period. In September 1945, he was assigned as the Chairman of the Economic Commission of the Northeast Headquarters of the Nationalist Government, which was one of the positions to negotiate with the Commander of the Soviet Red Army in Manchuria about the restoration of it from Russia to China. Supporting the Army of the Chinese Communist Party to gain controls of parts of Manchuria and expelling the US influence from it were the main strategic targets of the USSR during the early postwar period. Meanwhile, obstructing the entrance of the Nationalist Army into Manchuria deliberately and hoping to sign an agreement with Her about the Sino-Soviet Economic Cooperation in Manchuria were two other important strategic targets of the USSR. Facing the above complex and subtle external situation, T.V. Soong and Wang Shih-chieh, the prime minister and the minister of the Foreign Affairs of the Nationalist government respectively, set the policies for issues related to Manchuria the China wouldn't negotiate with any economic cooperation in Manchuria with Russia unless the Red Army evacuate completely. These policies consequently led to the failure of the Nationalist Government to regain Manchuria from the Red Army in the spring of 1946. During that period, Chang Kia-ngau was one of few important officials in the Nationalist Government claiming that China should be admitted to have an agreement of the economic cooperation in Manchuria with Russia due to the possibility that the Red Army might subsequently assist the Nationalist Army to advance towards Manchuria smoothly. Therefore, the Nationalist Army could at least have the possibility to occupy southern parts of Manchuria. Although Mr. Chang's opinions were suppressed by his directors, his flexible and pragmatistic stands and the excellent foresight should have been consented.
期刊論文
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3.栗國成(2001)。戰後初期的國共關係(1945年8-12月)。國家發展研究,1(1),191-242。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.王又庸(1994)。一個親身參與者筆下的政學系兩巨頭:楊永泰與熊式輝-對唐德剛教授「政學系探源」大文的一件補充資料。傳記文學,64(2),57-64。  延伸查詢new window
5.王成聖(1994)。江西才子熊式輝奇人奇事。中外雜誌,56(3),13-17。  延伸查詢new window
6.毛知礪(1995)。張嘉璈經營中國銀行的理念與作風。國立政治大學歷史學報,12,177-199。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.栗國成(2002)。一九四六年一至四月國共關於以「國民政府民主化」為中心之權力爭執。政治科學論叢,17,107-144。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.栗國成(2002)。一九四六年國民大會由延會到開會期間的國共爭執。國家發展研究,2(1),111-150。new window  延伸查詢new window
9.毛知礪(1997)。試論張嘉璈與北伐時期財政金融的關係。中華軍史學會會刊,2,641-676。new window  延伸查詢new window
會議論文
1.高純淑(1996)。抗戰勝利後國民政府接收東北的部署。第三屆討論會。臺北:國史館。639-661。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
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4.Albercht-Carrié, Rene(1958)。A Diplomatic History of Europe Since the Congress of Vienna。New York:Haper and Row。  new window
5.中國人民解放軍軍事科學院軍事歷史研究部(1992)。簡明中國人民解放軍戰史。北京:軍事科學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
6.蔣經國(1974)。風雨中的寧靜。臺北:黎明文化。  延伸查詢new window
7.姚崧齡(1982)。張公權先生年譜初稿。臺北:傳記文學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
8.Westad, Odd Arne(1993)。Cold War and Revolution: Soviet-American Rivalry and the Origins of the Chinese Civil War, 1944-1946。New York:Columbia University Press。  new window
9.Lohbeck, Don(1956)。Patrick J. Hurley。Chicago:Henry Regnery Co.。  new window
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12.王世杰(1990)。王世杰日記。臺北:中央研究院近代史研究所。  延伸查詢new window
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14.董彥平(1965)。蘇俄據東北。台北:中華大典編印會。  延伸查詢new window
15.Kubek, Anthony(1963)。How the Far East Was Lost: American Policy and the Creation of Communist China, 1941-1949。H. Regnery。  new window
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19.秦孝儀(1978)。總統蔣公大事長編初稿,卷六(上)。總統蔣公大事長編初稿,卷六(上)。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
20.(1989)。政治協商會議紀實,上卷。政治協商會議紀實,上卷。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
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22.邵玉銘(1992)。An American Missionary in China: John Leighton Stuart and Chinese-American Relations。An American Missionary in China: John Leighton Stuart and Chinese-American Relations。MA。  new window
23.(1978)。總統蔣公大事長編初稿,卷五(下)。總統蔣公大事長編初稿,卷五(下)。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
24.McFarland, S. L.(1994)。The Iranian Crisis of 1946 and The Onset of The Cold War。Origins Of The Cold War: An International History。London, UK。  new window
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26.(1992)。中共中央文件選集,第十六冊(一九四六-一九四七)。中共中央文件選集,第十六冊(一九四六-一九四七)。北京。  延伸查詢new window
27.(1989)。周恩來年譜(一八九八-一九四九),下卷。周恩來年譜(一八九八-一九四九),下卷。沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
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29.(1990)。中華民國史事紀要-中華民國三十四年十至十二月份。中華民國史事紀要-中華民國三十四年十至十二月份。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
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38.蔣中正(1966)。蔣總統思想言論集,卷八:蘇俄在中國。蔣總統思想言論集,卷八:蘇俄在中國。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
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其他
1.(0)。接收東北與對蘇交涉(上),沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
2.(0)。接收東北與對蘇交涉(下),沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
3.(0)。國共協商與共軍叛亂,沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
4.(0)。美國特使馬歇爾將軍來華經過,沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
5.(0)。國共協商(六),沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
6.(0)。國共協商(七),沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
7.(0)。民國三十五年(一),沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
8.(0)。民國三十五年(二),沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
9.(0)。民國三十五年(三),沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.馬若孟(1981)。一九四五年八月十五日至年底蘇聯與中國國民政府接收東北之計劃。中華民國建國史討論集,5。臺北:中華民國建國史討論會。  延伸查詢new window
2.許湘濤(1982)。戰後初期之中蘇關係(1945年8月至1946年8月)。中國現代史論集(10):國共鬥爭。臺北:聯經。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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