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題名:沙巴客家移民與英文教育
書刊名:海洋文化學刊
作者:黃子堅
作者(外文):Wong, Danny Tze-ken
出版日期:2005
卷期:1
頁次:頁67-85
主題關鍵詞:歷史客家華族移民華族方言社群沙巴北婆羅洲英文教育社會轉型適應HistoryHakkaChinese dialect groupsChinese migrationSabahNorth borneoEnglish educationSocial transformationAdaptation
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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客家人從中國移民到沙巴(英殖民地北婆羅洲)可追溯到十九世紀的後期。與其他眾多的華族方言群體不同的是,許多客家人不是以勞工或工匠的身份被引入,而是以定居者的身份出現。他們很多是通過西方基督教會所贊助的移民策劃而來。由於這樣的歷史背景,客家方言社群較偏向於親近英文教育並不難理解。本文除了試圖考察沙巴客家移民對英文教育的反響,更欲進一步探討他們之所以能從原來的農耕方言社群,轉型為政府公務員及專業人士,乃是得力於客家人偏重於英文教育的傾向與結果。此外,以中文為媒介的基督教會,成為推動沙巴英文教育創始者的角色,也是本文試圖探討的一環。
The Hakkas have migrated China to Sabah (British North Borneo) since the late 19th century. Unlike most of their counterparts from other dialect groups who arrived mainly as labourers or artisans, many of the Hakkas were brought in as settlers. Many came through the immigration schemes sponsored by Western Christian missionary societies. Given such background, the Hakka dialect community was deemed to be more receptive to English education. This paper will examine the response of the Hakkas in Sabah towards English education and how the inclination towards English education has helped to transform the community from being a primarily agricultural based dialect group to be civil servants and professionals. This paper will also look at the role of Chinese-based Christian missionaries as the prime initiators of English education in Sabah.
期刊論文
1.饒尚東(1993)。東馬客家移民史略。亞洲文化,17,187-195。  延伸查詢new window
2.黃子堅(1999)。Chinese Migration to Sabah before the Second World War。Archipel: études interdisciplinaires sur le monde insulindien,58(3),131-158。  new window
學位論文
1.Oades, Rizalino Aquino(1961)。Chinese emigration through Hong Kong to North Borneo since 1880(博士論文)。Hong Kong University.。  new window
圖書
1.Purcell, Victor(1965)。The Chinese in Southeast Asia。The Chinese in Southeast Asia。  new window
2.Lutz, Jessie Gregory、Lutz, Rolland Ray(1998)。Hakka Chinese Confront Protestant Christianity, 1850-1900。M. E. Sharpe。  new window
3.Yen, Ching-Hwang(1976)。The Overseas Chinese and the 1911 Revolution。Kuala Lumpur:Oxford University Press。  new window
4.Goverment of North Burneo(1922)。Establishment List 1922。Establishment List 1922。Jesselton。  new window
5.Goverment of North Burneo(1937)。Establishment List 1922 - 1928 and 1931 - 1937。Establishment List 1922 - 1928 and 1931 - 1937。Jesselton。  new window
6.Han, Sin Fong(1975)。the Chinese in Sabah East malaysia。the Chinese in Sabah East malaysia。Taipei。  new window
7.Jones, L. W.(1962)。Sabah Report on the Census of Population。Sabah Report on the Census of Population。Kuching。  new window
8.Chow, Mun Siong、Lee, Kam Hing(1966)。Biographical Dictionary of the Chinese in Malaysia。Biographical Dictionary of the Chinese in Malaysia。Petaling Jaya。  new window
9.黃子堅(1998)。The Transformation of an Immigrant Society. A Study of the Chinese of Sabah。The Transformation of an Immigrant Society. A Study of the Chinese of Sabah。London。  new window
10.黃子堅(2000)。The Chinese in Sabah: an Overview。The Chinese in Malaysia。Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia。  new window
11.山打根中華商會(1991)。山打根中華商會百年紀念特刊,1891-1991。山打根中華商會百年紀念特刊,1891-1991。山打根。  延伸查詢new window
12.馬來西亞基督教巴色會(1963)。1963年報暨會友家譜錄。1963年報暨會友家譜錄。亞庇。  延伸查詢new window
13.般鳥巴色會(1955)。般鳥巴色自立會年報-1955。般鳥巴色自立會年報-1955。亞庇。  延伸查詢new window
14.馬來西亞基督教巴色會(1983)。馬來西亞基督教巴色會百周年紀念特刊,一八八二~一九八二。馬來西亞基督教巴色會百周年紀念特刊,一八八二~一九八二。亞庇。  延伸查詢new window
15.山打根啟華小學(1989)。山打根啟華小學紀念特刊。山打根啟華小學紀念特刊。山打根。  延伸查詢new window
16.Anglican Church(1987)。Diocese of Sabah Silver Jubilee 1962-1987。Diocese of Sabah Silver Jubilee 1962-1987。Kota Kinabalu。  new window
17.George, K. M.(1987)。The Contributions of Mission Schools to the Development of the Church and the State of Sabah。Diocese of Sabah Silver Jubilee 1962-1987。Kota Kinabalu。  new window
其他
1.(1915)。Acting Inspector of Schools to Government Secretary。  new window
2.Chinese Chamber of Commerce, West Coast。  new window
3.Formation of Chinese Advisory Board, West Coast。  new window
4.Marriage Certificates of the Basel Self-Established Church 1921-1930。  new window
5.Lee, Siong Kong。History of the Li Family as told by Li Zhenggao。  new window
6.(1946)。Five Year Plan of Education Development for the years 1947-1952。  new window
7.(1911)。Educational Report on Sandakan。  new window
8.(1918)。Governor Pearson to Chairman。  new window
9.Report of British Military Administration in Borneo 10 June 1945 - 15 July 1946。  new window
 
 
 
 
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