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題名:Linguistic Regionalism and the Emergence of Chinese American Literature in Sui Sin Far's Mrs. Spring Fragrance
書刊名:Tamkang Review
作者:Pryse, Marjorie
出版日期:2007
卷期:38:1
頁次:頁27-69
主題關鍵詞:美國文學地域主義中國移民經驗亞裔美國文學American literary regionalismChinese immigrant experienceAsian American literature
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本文從一開始便主張水仙花/伊頓(Sui Sin Far/Edith Maude Eaton)(1865-1914)無法納入批評家在華裔美國文學裡所建立的現成的範疇,本文賦與她地域文學作家的地位,她的作品展現出她在抗拒十九世紀晚期美國出版界對中國人的主流再現,而且她透過在《春香夫人》中英文的使用獲致藝術形式及一種能幫助讀者達到不同看法的策略。了解水仙花對美國文學的貢獻其關鍵在於分析這本代表她生涯巔峰的著作裡英文的使用。使用費特麗(Judith Fetterley)與卜萊斯(Marjorie Pryse)所謂的「邊界語言」("language on the border land")或是我在本文中所謂的「語言雙文化」(the linguistic bicultural),水仙花在經過多年掙扎後,在英文本身的結構裡發現如何再現在美國的中國人經驗。她重新塑造英文,使其一方面能反映這種經驗,另一方面又展現她的移民人物能意識到英語這種語言將支配性予以符碼化的方式,而這種支配性正反應這個時期的美國政治。本文將水仙花的地域主義與哈特(Bret Harte)的書寫裡對中國人的「地方色彩」式的再現加以對比,並對《春香夫人》當中的數篇小說-「春香夫人」、「身分低下的女人」、「自由之土」、「新異的智慧」、「寶珠(Pau Tsu)的美國化」、「搖擺的意象」-提供語言學式的閱讀。
Beginning by suggesting that Sui Sin Far/Edith Maude Eaton (1865-1914) readily fits none of the categories recent critics have established within Chinese American literature, this essay situates her as a regionalist writer whose work demonstrates her struggle against mainstream representations of the Chinese in the late nineteenth-century American press and who achieves artistic form and a strategy for helping her readers see differently through her use of the English language in Mrs. Spring Fragrance. The key to understanding Sui Sin Far's contribution to American literature lies in analyzing her use of English in this volume that serves as the culmination of her career. Writing what Judith Fetterley and Marjorie Pryse have called "language on the border land" (192), or what I am calling in this essay the linguistic bicultural, Sui Sin Far, after years of struggle, discovers n the structures of English itself how to represent the Chinese Experience in America. She refashions English in such a way both as to reflect that experience and to demonstrate her immigrant characters' consciousness of the ways the English language encodes a dominance that reflects U.S. politics of the period. The essay contrasts Sui Sin Far's regionalism with "local Color" representations of the Chinese in the Writings of Bret Harte, and offers a linguistic reading of several stories in Mrs. Spring Fragrance--"Mrs. Spring Fragrance," "The Inferior Woman," "In the Land of the Free," "The Wisdom of the New," "The Americanizing of Pau Tsu," and "'Its Wavering Image.'"
期刊論文
1.Scharnhorst, Gary(1996)。'Ways That Are Dark': Appropriations of Bret Harte's 'Plain Language from Truthful James'。Nineteenth Century Literature,51(3),377-399。  new window
2.Cutter, Martha(2002)。Empire and the Mind of the Child: Sui Sin Far's 'Tales of Chinese Children'。Melus,27(2),31-48。  new window
3.Harte, Bret(2007)。Wan Lee, The Pagan。Scribner's Monthly,8(5),552-559。  new window
4.Solberg, S. E.(1981)。Sui Sin Far/Edith Eaton: First Chinese-American Fictionist。Melus,8(1),27-39。  new window
5.Far, Sui Sin(1899)。A Chinese Ishmael。Overland Monthly,34,43-49。  new window
圖書
1.Nee, Victor G.、Nee, Brett de Bary(1972)。Longtime California: A Documentary Study of an American Chinatown。Stanford, California。  new window
2.Ferens, Dominika(2002)。Edith and Winnifred Eaton: Chinatown Missions and Japanese Romances。Urbana:U of Illinois P。  new window
3.Lowe, Lisa(1996)。Immigrant acts: On Asian American cultural politics。Duke University Press。  new window
4.Culler, Jonathan D.(1997)。Literary Theory: A Very Short Introduction。Oxford University Press。  new window
5.林英敏(1990)。Between Worlds: Women Writers of Chinese Ancestry。Elmsford, New York:Pergamon Press。  new window
6.Chin, F.(1991)。Come all Ye Asian American Writers of the Real and the Fake。The Big Aiiieeeee!: An Anthology of Chinese American and Japanese American Literature。New York。  new window
7.Ch'ien, Evelyn Nien-Ming(2004)。Weird English。Weird English。Cambridge, Mass。  new window
8.Fetterley, Judith、Pryse, Marjorie(1992)。American Women Regionalists 1850-1910: A Norton Anthology。American Women Regionalists 1850-1910: A Norton Anthology。New York。  new window
9.Fetterley, Judith、Pryse, Marjorie(2003)。Writing out of Place: Regionalism, Women, and American Literary Culture。Champaign, IL:University of Illinois Press。  new window
10.Frankenberg, Ruth(2003)。White Women, Race Matters: The Social Construction of Whiteness。White Women, Race Matters: The Social Construction of Whiteness。Minneapolis。  new window
11.McCullough, Kate(1999)。Regions of Identity: The Construction of America in Women's Fiction, 1885-1914。Regions of Identity: The Construction of America in Women's Fiction, 1885-1914。Stanford。  new window
12.Salthouse, Timothy A.(1991)。A Theoretical Perspectives on Cognitive。A Theoretical Perspectives on Cognitive。New York。  new window
13.Far, Sui Sin、Ling, Amy、White-Park, Annette(1995)。Mrs. Spring Fragrance and Other Writings。Urbana:University of Illinois Press。  new window
14.White-Parks, Annette。Introduction to Part 2: Other Writings。Mrs. Spring Fragrance and Other Writings。Urbana。  new window
15.White-Parks, Annette(1995)。Sui Sin Far / Edith Maude Eaton: A Literary Biography。Sui Sin Far / Edith Maude Eaton: A Literary Biography。Champagne-Urbana。  new window
16.尹曉煌(1998)。Worlds of Difference: Lin Yutang, Lao She, and the Significance of Chinese-Language Writing in America。Multilingual America : Transnationalism, Ethnicity, and the Languages of American Literature。New York。  new window
其他
1.Harte, Bret(2007)。Plain Language from Truthful James,New Haven。  new window
2.Far, Sui Sin(1911)。The Persecution and Oppression of Me,London。  new window
圖書論文
1.Shan, Te-hsing(1998)。Redefining Chinese American Literature from a LOWINUS Perspective--Two Recent Examples。Multilingual America: Transnationalism, Ethnicity, and the Languages of American Literature。New York:New York UP。  new window
 
 
 
 
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