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題名:委內瑞拉在全球化浪潮下之「玻利瓦美洲替代方案」--拉美左派非傳統區域選項
書刊名:臺灣民主季刊
作者:邱稔壤 引用關係
作者(外文):Chyou, Ren-rang
出版日期:2009
卷期:6:1
頁次:頁107-133
主題關鍵詞:古巴委內瑞拉玻利維亞尼加拉瓜美洲自由貿易區玻利瓦美洲替代方案CubaVenezuelaBoliviaNicaraguaFree trade area of the AmericasBolivarian alternative for the Americas
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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二十一世紀伊始,委內瑞拉強人查維茲隨即呼籲拉美友邦,共同起來反對由美國推動的美洲自由貿易區,並加入從古巴得到靈感的社會主義建設模式—玻利瓦美洲替代方案,以便在北美洲帝國衰頹時做好應變的準備。查維茲在拉美進行遠交近攻的策略,不但公開支持玻利維亞的莫拉雷斯,以及被美國國務院定位為境外恐怖組織的哥倫比亞革命武裝力量,同時又從俄羅斯購買武器,壯大自己的聲勢。查維茲此舉導致拉丁美洲風雲再起,原本錯綜複雜的區域情勢,似乎又回到了冷戰時代詭譎多變的集團對抗,只是本次造成爭議的主軸,已經由國際政治安全轉移到國際政治經濟,東西安全對抗也轉變成南北貧富差距。拉丁美洲國家在全球化浪潮衝擊下,內部逐漸興起的區域自主意識,及其抵禦北方國家資本主義的決心,乃至於效法歐盟向左看齊的政治立場,從而推動以社會主義為核心價值的區域整合,已經由玻利瓦美洲替代方案集其大成。雖然此一方案是否能夠通過全球金融風暴的考驗,目前仍然存在諸多變數。不過查維茲經由區域組織動員的方式,形塑西半球南北分治的企圖,已經產生一定程度的作用。倘使查維茲在拉丁美洲成功推動集體安全的共識,未來勢將影響西半球政經情勢的發展。
Towards the beginning of the 21st century, Hugo Chávez, the strong man of Venezuela, convoked his Latin American allies to fight against the Free Trade Area of the Americas proposed by the United States. Inspired by Cuban style socialism, he presented the Bolivarian Alternative in order to prepare themselves best in facing the decline of the American empire. He not only publicly supported Evo Morales of Bolivia and the Revolutionary Armed Forces in Colombia, but also purchased a great amount of arms from Russia to strengthen his domineering posture. What Chávez did has raised a new disturbance in Latin America. The region’s already complicated situation seems to have returned to a situation of conflicts between different groups. However, this time the focus for dispute is not international political security or the confrontation between East and West but instead international political economy or the confrontation between northern countries and southern countries. Under the influence of globalization, the rising regional self-identity, their determination to fight against capitalism, the left-wing political position following the experience of the European Union and the regional integration under socialism have all merged into the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas. It is still uncertain if the Alternative can endure through the global financial crisis. Nevertheless, through the mobilization of Chávez in Latin America, his intention to form a divided West Hemisphere between northern and southern America has enjoyed some kind of success. If Chávez can effectively motivate a consensus of collective security, a new political and economic development in the West Hemisphere might be expected.
期刊論文
1.邱稔壤(19990400)。皮諾契時代智利之人權爭議及其發展。問題與研究,38(4),31-53。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.邱稔壤(20010500)。由伊利安事件論美古雙邊關係。問題與研究,40(3),23-47。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.向駿(2008)。從南美外交危機看美洲政經版圖重整。國際關係學報,26,169-170。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.邱稔壤(1999)。阿里亞斯方案與中美洲國家自主和平之發展:以尼加拉瓜為例。問題與研究,38(3),1-16。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.邱稔壤(2000)。美國朝野對歸還巴拿馬運河立場之研析:保守派人士對外力介入之疑慮。問題與研究,39(4),79-98。new window  延伸查詢new window
6.邱稔壤(2001)。美洲國家組織推動拉丁美洲民主化之作為:以祕魯觀選團為例。問題與研究,40(4),41-63。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.邱稔壤(2007)。拉丁美洲區域經濟整合與區域貿易協定:兼論臺灣之因應策略。自由貿易區與國際政治經濟。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
2.Huntington, Samuel P.(2004)。Who Are We? the Challenge to America's National Identity。Who Are We? the Challenge to America's National Identity。New York, NY。  new window
其他
1.Bossi, Fernando Ramón(2008)。10 puntos para conocer el ALBA: Construyendo el ALBA desde los pueblos。  new window
2.Dávila, Jesús(2008)。Fuerte presencia naval en Puerto Rico。  new window
3.Golinger, Eva(2008)。La Guerra Fría del Siglo XXI。  new window
4.López Blanch, Hedelberto(2008)。Rebelión, Tiempos de cambios en Latinoamérica。  new window
5.(Melián, Luis,PL)(2008)。Propone Chávez desarrollo de relaciones entre China y el ALBA。  new window
6.Ortega, Daniel(2008)。Revolución vs. contrarrevolución。  new window
7.Solo, Toni(2008)。ALBA: descubrimiento moral, recuperación práctica。  new window
8.Soto, Vilma(2008)。Evo Morales: el capitalismo es el principal enemigo de la humanidad。  new window
9.Yanes, Hernán(2005)。The Cuba-Venezuela Alliance: Emancipator Neo-Bolivarismo or Totalitarian Expansion。  new window
 
 
 
 
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