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題名:冷戰後世界秩序重建的新思維:恐怖主義之觀點
作者:簡嘉宏
作者(外文):Chia-hon Chien
校院名稱:中興大學
系所名稱:國際政治研究所
指導教授:蔡東杰
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2012
主題關鍵詞:秩序正當性恐怖主義全球化人權orderlegitimacyterrorismglobalizationhuman rights
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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美國主流國際關係理論在冷戰結束後面臨了兩個困境:一是無法預測冷戰走入歷史;二是沒有適當的研究方法來瞭解冷戰後方興未艾的恐怖主義現象。前者已引起許多非主流理論(包括美洲大陸之外的英國學派)嘗試從不同的本體論、知識論與方法論來修正原有主流國關理論對於國家間關係去歷史化的靜態假設。後者則與全球化局勢中逐漸扮演重要角色的非國家行為體崛起息息相關,但在以政策為引導的理論設計下,理論家們對於恐怖主義的論述苦陷於各自表述中,讓恐怖主義研究至今仍淪為國際關係研究中的「未知之境」(terra incognita)。
鑑此,筆者先以英國學派的「國際社會」概念出發,探討冷戰結束後的全球化國際現狀,並對於冷戰時期與冷戰結束後的國際秩序內容進行比較,嘗試歸納兩個時期的秩序正當性各為何,進而討論冷戰時期所建構的政治、經濟與文化秩序相關框架是否仍適用於冷戰結束後的全球化秩序中。
其次,本論文以歷史社會學的研究途徑來討論人類社群中的衝突特性,藉此凸顯人類社群中秩序正當性概念具備演進的特質,再以批判理論企圖「解放現狀」與「提供另類選項」的理論使命,運用Nancy Fraser的3R(政治上的代表權、經濟上的再分配以及文化上的承認)觀念來嘗試為冷戰後的恐怖主義進行分類,同時探討成因。
筆者發現,目前的全球化局勢似可視為國際結構從國際體系轉型到國際社會的過渡時期,各種以經濟網絡為基礎所開展的全球化緊密聯繫雖然讓冷戰結束後的恐怖主義發動困難度大幅下降,但傷害程度卻急遽升高。吾人可以藉由3R觀念來檢驗被誤塑且延續至今的冷戰國際秩序,利用建立在保障人權基礎上的共識來調整相關規範,以期增強現存世界秩序的正當性。
With the end of Cold War, “mainstream” international theorists are reluctant to face two embarrassing facts: a failure about the prediction of Cold War turning to dust and ashes, and a dilemma to deal with terrorism issues by the state-centric approach. In fact, there are so many “non-mainstream” international theorists try hard to understand the post-Cold War world through their different perspectives. Those theorists not only add historicity into the discourses, their endeavors also keep terrorism research in IR field from labeling "terra incognita".
The author is on their side for observing this globalized world through sociological lens to unveil the sociality of this international world interconnected by so many networks. In this dissertation, the author also compares the Cold War order and the post- Cold War one to distill the legitimacy of these two orders respectively. Further, Nancy Fraser’s 3R tripartite theory, which examines the misframing international order by its stresses on representation, redistribution, and recognition, is applied to categorize post- Cold War terrorism. Besides examining the flagship idea of the English School, the author uses the historical sociological approach to portray the historic characters of a social conflict in the human community.
Last but not the least; it is self-evident that the globalization enhances the transforming process from international system to international society. After exerting the 3R tripartite theory to categorize the terrorism, it is worthy of a try to adjust international practices and rules, based on western values, by the conception of human rights to strengthen the legitimacy of post- Cold War world order.
1.中文部分

(1)專書

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(2) 期刊論文

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(3) 網路資源

WTO官方網站
http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/countries_e/chinese_taipei_e.htm
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〈楊儒門案 2審當時判決認有助台美稻米談判〉,《大紀元時報》,2007年6月
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「錄蠻坑」網誌
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(4) 其他

〈坦承17案 稻米炸彈客收押〉,台灣《蘋果日報》,2004年11月27日,A2要聞版。


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Silke, Andrew (2009), “Contemporary terrorism studies: Issues in research,” in Richard Jackson, Marie Breen Smyth and Jeroen Gunning (eds.), Critical Terrorism Studies: A New Research Agenda. London: Routledge.
Sinclair, Andrew (2003), An Anatomy of Terror: A History of Terrorism. New York: Pan Books.
Spybey, Tony (1996), Globalization and World Society. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Stiglitz, Joseph (2002), Globalization and Its Discontents. New York: Norton & Company.
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Toros, Harmonie, & Jeroen Gunning, (2009), “Exploring a critical theory approach to terrorism studies,” in Richard Jackson, Marie Breen Smyth and Jeroen Gunning (eds.), Critical Terrorism Studies: A New Research Agenda. London: Routledge.
Trachtenberg, Marc (2006), The Craft of International History: A Guide to Method. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
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UNHCR (2002), Paper on Asylum Seekers from the Russian Federation in the Context of the Situation in Chechnya. Geneva: UN High Commission for Refugees.
Vincent, R. J., (1974), Nonintervention and International Order. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
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Viotti, Paul, & Mark Kauppi (2010), International Relations Theory. New York: Longman.
Wagner, Abraham (2005), “Terrorism and the Internet: Use and Abuse,” in Mark Last & Abraham Kandel (eds.) Fighting Terror in Cyberspace. New Jersey: World Scientific Publishing Company.
Wallerstein, Immanuel (2004), World-System Analysis: An Introduction. Durham: Duke University Press.
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Watson, Adam (2009), The Evolution of International Society: A Comparative Historical Analysis. London: Routledge.
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Weimann, Gabriel (2004), www.terror.net: How Modern Terrorism Uses the Internet, Special Report. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace.
-------- (2006), Terror on The Internet: The New Arena, the New Challengers. Washington D.C.: Institute of Peace Press.
Wight, Colin (2006), Agent, Structures and International Relations: Politics as Ontology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Woodward, Bob (2002), Bush at War. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Wyn Jones, R. (1999), Security, Strategy and Critical Theory. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.
Zacher, Mark (1992), “The decaying pillars of the Westphalian temple: implications for international order and governance,” in James Rosenau & E-O Czempiel (eds.), Governance without Government: Order and Change in World Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Zubok, Vladislav (2009), A Failed Empire: The Soviet Union in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina.

(2) Journal Articles

Bassiouni, M. C. (1981), “Terrorism, Law Enforcement, and Mass Media: Perspectives, Problems, Proposals,” Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology Vol. 72, pp. 1-51.
Brownfeld, Peter (2003), “The Afghanisation of Chechnya,” The International Spectator, pp. 137-146.
Chang, Chishen (2011), "Tianxia system on a snail''s horns," Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, Vol. 12, No.1, pp. 28-42.
Cornell, Svante (2003), “The War Against Terrorism and the Conflict in Chechnya: A Case for Distinction,” The Fletcher Forum of World affairs, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 167-184.
Crenshaw, Martha (1981), “The Cause of Terrorism,” Comparative Politics, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 379-399.
Dingwerth, Klaus & Philipp Pattberg (2006), “Global Governance as a Perspective on World Politics,” Global Governance, Vol. 12, pp. 185-203.
Hughes, James (2007), “The Chechnya Conflict: Freedom Fighters or Terrorists,” Demokratizatsiya, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 293-311.
Huntington, Samuel (1993), “The Clash of Civilizations,” Foreign Affairs, Vol.72, No.3, pp. 22-49.
Juergensmeyer, Mark (1997), “Terror Mandated by God,” Terrorism and Political Violence, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 16-23.
Krauthammer, Charles (1991), “The Unipolar Moment,” Foreign Affairs, Vol.70, No.1, pp. 23-33.
Rapoport, David (1996), “The Media and Terrorism: Implications of the Unabomber Case,” editorial in Terrorism and Political Violence, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 7-9.
Schmid, Alex (1989), “Terrorism and the Media: the Ethics of Publicity,” in Terrorism and Political Violence, Vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 539-565.

(3) Electronic Resources

Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms
http://dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/dodict/data/t/05373.html.
(檢索日期:2012年3月31日)

One Hundred Seventh Congress of the United States of American, Homeland Security
Act of 2002, January 23, 2002, o.HR 5005-7.
http://www.dhs.gov/dhspublic/public/display?theme=46&content=410.
(檢索日期:2012年3月31日)

Timothy Thomas, “Manipulating the Mass Consciousness: Russian & Chechen
“Information War” Tactics in the Second Chechen-Russian Conflict,
http://fmso.leavenworth.army.mil/documents/chechiw.htm
(檢索日期:2012年3月31日)

網際網路發展歷史:http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/.
(檢索日期:2012年3月31日)

Dorothy Denning, “Activism, Hacktivism, and Cyber-terrorism: The Internet as a
Tool For Influencing Foreign Policy,”
www.iwar.org.uk/cyberterror/resources/denning.htm
(檢索日期:2012年2月11日)

“The Democratic Dilemmas of Cyber-Terrorism and the Internet” http://www.thepicaproject.org/?page_id=279
(檢索日期:2012年3月11日)

Brett Goldman, “The Democratic Dilemmas of Cyber-Terrorism and the Internet”
http://www.thepicaproject.org/?page_id=279
(檢索日期:2012年3月11日)


 
 
 
 
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