本文探討公共運輸之安全管理，以臺灣鐵路管理局為分析案例，期望從千頭萬緒的可能危害中，藉著安全績效分析，篩選出關鍵的不安全因素，作為安全管理的重點。本研究利用臺鐵近三年全面性的安全實務資料進行實證分析，回答與討論社會關注之下列課題：臺鐵是否安全？臺鐵系統安全之關鍵因素、區位、與原因為何？臺鐵旅客安全之關鍵因素為何？臺灣的平交道是否安全？平交道安全之關鍵因素為何？本研究問題導向地發展與利用安全指標進行分析，主要研究結果顯示：臺鐵之安全水準尚可，系統安全之前三大關鍵因素是：侵入軌道、闖越平交道、與站內滑倒，臺灣平交道不安全，平交道安全之關鍵因素在公路側。

Taiwan Railway Administrator (TRA) is one of the most important passenger transportation operator in Taiwan. The paper attempts to investigate TRA's safety level, risk profile, and safety problem of level crossing, by an empirical analysis. The major findings are the followings. TRA's safety level is fair. The first three hazardous events are "trespasser struck while crossing track", "train collision with road vehicle on level crossing", and "passenger slips, trips, and falls at station". The safety problem of railway level crossings in Taiwan is serious. The causes of most hazardous events at level crossing are safety factors on the highway side.