許維遹在1930年代撰集《呂氏春秋集釋》時據以載錄的王念孫《呂氏春秋》校本現藏臺灣中央研究院傅斯年圖書館。本文首次介紹了校本原書的實態，並以原書比照《集釋》所引，發現當中近四成材料未經《集釋》載錄，因此校本有重新整理的必要。校本主要的內容是校勘文字和訓釋詞句，本文在全面掌握校本內容的基礎上，從校勘學、訓詁學以及王念孫研究等方面探論校本的價值，藉以總結王念孫校治《呂氏春秋》的實績。我們認為校本的校改、訓解大多信實可從，它為我們提供了一個比較近實可靠的本子，幫助我們更準確理解《呂氏春秋》及高誘《注》，同時又為我們提供了研究王念孫《呂氏春秋》之學的第一手材料。至於校本誤校、誤釋的地方，本文亦一併討論。

The four-volume edition of the Lüshi chunqiu 呂氏春秋 collated by Wang Niansun 王念孫 is now preserved in the Academia Sinica’s Fu Ssu-nien Library 傅斯年圖書館. First cited by Xu Weiyu 許維遹 in his Lüshi chunqiu jishi 呂氏春秋集釋 in the 1930s, this paper examines Wang’s original collated edition for the first time, and by comparing its content with Xu’s extracts from it, finds that nearly 40 percent of Wang’s collated edition was not used by Xu. Therefore, I believe a complete review of the book is necessary. Taking into account its full contents, this paper attempts to evaluate the significance of the work more comprehensively from perspectives such as textual criticism, semantics, and Wang Niansun research. I suggest that the book provides us with a more reliable edition, helping us to more accurately comprehend the Lüshi chunqiu and Gao You’s 高誘 annotation, and also first-hand material for research into Wang’s scholarship of the Lüshi Chunqiu. Also included is a discussion of the deficiencies of the book.