Some Comparative Issues in the World History of Science and Technology: Jesuit Learning in Late Imperial China_

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題名：	Some Comparative Issues in the World History of Science and Technology: Jesuit Learning in Late Imperial China
書刊名：	清華學報
作者：	艾爾曼
作者(外文)：	Elman, Benjamin A.
出版日期：	2011
卷期：	41:1
頁次：	頁137-170
主題關鍵詞：	科學史；科技；耶穌會士在中國；馬戛爾尼使團；History of science；Technology；Jesuits in China；Macartney mission
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:0 點閱:27

過去一個世紀以來，歐洲人宣示西方科學的全面勝利。自1954 年起，李約瑟（Joseph Needham）便強調歐洲現代科學的發展是一枝獨秀，然而他也認同傳統中國在17 世紀之前的科學技術成就。在李約瑟回答「前現代的中國人為何不發展現代科學」這敏感問題之後的幾十年，我們漸漸認同，將重點放在「中國人錯失現代科學發展」確實具有啟發性，但卻是史學上的誤導，不得不重新評估科學史該如何全面重寫。這篇文章著重在中國人何以未曾於歐洲的「牛頓世紀」裡學到任何東西，並且直到鴉片戰爭（1839–1842）之前，依然使用自己的分析方式做數學運算。仍有些論點以1793 年訪問中國的馬戛爾尼使團為例而堅稱，是清廷太過於保守以致於未能在新興的近代世界有所斬獲。以事後之見而言，這些觀點無庸置疑。然而中國方面是受了許多外部因素影響，比如18 世紀中葉，中國與歐洲的耶穌會瓦解，這也能解釋為何亞洲的牛頓革命來得這麼遲，並且不在18 世紀發生。

以文找文

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