摘 要 本文從國際政治的角度，檢視1980 年代國際多邊服務貿易建制創設之 談判過程，藉以釐清在權力結構變化下，國際多邊貿易談判的政治動能問 題。透過本文之考察發現，當年服務貿易建制形成之談判，由於形成了「美 國領導，EC 配合，印度及巴西不反對」之局面，因而獲得了推動議程所需 要的政治動能。對於當前「世界貿易組織」(WTO)所面對的談判困境來說， 這段昔日服務貿易建制形成的經驗，或許能提供若干啟示。WTO 設立以來 的第一個回合談判── 杜哈發展議程，自2001 年底展開迄今歷時九年，仍 然無法終結此回合談判。從國際政治的角度觀之，政治動能不足，乃是造成 談判遲滯的關鍵因素。而政治動能是否足夠，基本上取決於權力結構下主要 行為者之能力及意願。衡諸當今WTO 下的權力新局，推動重大議程所需政 治動能之產生，要靠美國與歐盟共同領導，加上新興開發中大國之配合。然 而，形成此種局面殊非易事，這也正是突破杜哈議程談判困境的挑戰所在。

Abstract Taking an international political perspective, this paper examines the negotiation process of the formation of international trade in service regime during 1980s to illuminate the issue of political momentum in multilateral trade negotiations in the shadow of a changing power structure. The existence of a situation which was “led by the US, supported by the EU and not opposed by India and Brazil” provided necessary political dynamism for moving the agenda on in 1980s. For the stalemated WTO Doha Agenda negotiations today, the experience in services regime formation 20 years ago may be inspiring. To provide necessary momentum for making breakthrough in major issues under current power structure, it is essential that the US and the EU should be willing to lead jointly and all those newly emerged developing powers should be willing to give full support.