This project consisted of two parts. The first part adopted the PISA reading literacy framework to analyze the structures of reading tasks on the Chinese Basic Competence Test for Junior High School Students (BCTEST) from 2001 to 2009. The second part used Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA by ranks to analyze examinees’ performances on different reading texts and processes. Major findings were stated as follows. In terms of the distributions of reading text, narration was the largest category for classical Chinese tasks, accounting for about 51%. The larger categories for vernacular tasks were exposition, argumentation and narration, ranging from approximately 21% to 25%. As for reading process, the distributions on the classical Chinese tasks were as follows: interpreting texts (67%), retrieving information (15%), reflection and evaluation (12%), and other aspects (6%). The distributions on the vernacular tasks were as follows: interpreting texts (46%), retrieving information (29%), reflection and evaluation (11%), and other aspects (14%). In terms of examinees’ performances, they performed significantly better on vernacular tasks than on classical Chinese tasks, and better on retrieving information items than on interpreting them. However, there was no significant difference between the performances on different reading texts. In the case of the performances of different achievement level examinees, there was significant difference in performance between vernacular and classical Chinese tasks for average (middle 50%) and low achieving group (bottom 25%), but not for high achieving group (top 25%). The performance on retrieving information was significantly higher than that of interpreting texts for different achievement level groups. However, there was no significant difference in the performances on different reading texts for different achievement level groups. Implications based on the findings of this study were proposed for test developers, educators, researchers and police makers.