The current historical literature takes as its starting point the premise that from the Ming dynasty, China made use of a "bimetallic currency." This article investigates why the bimetallic currency emerged in Ming China. In the early sixteenth century, the Ming government experienced tremendous changes in its financial structure. Facing a surge of rapid market development, different levels in the administration, in order to increase their revenues, commuted the land tax into silver payments. This process, called the "Single Whip Reform" at the time, was lengthy but smooth, and produced a significant consequence of the use of the silver tael as the unit of account in government finance. The major question raised in this article, however, is why did the Ming state decide to issue copper coins as an additional currency in 1503? This study, through investigating coinage in the Hongzhi reign, shows a close relationship between coinage and palace expenditures.